Module 6 Molecular Genetics

Desta is studying for an entrance exam for a nurse’s training program at a local hospital. She learns the components of a DNA molecule. What are these components?

• sugar and phosphate strands connected by nucleotide pairs

• molecules of amino acids linked together

• protein strands connected by nucleotides

• double strands of RNA twisted together

What were the results from Chargaff's experiment? Select all that apply.

• 
  cytosine binds with guanine

• adenine binds with guanine

• 
  cytosine binds with thymine

• adenine binds with thymine

What are the basic building blocks of DNA and RNA?

• ribose

• 
  purines

• 
  nucleotides

• phosphate group

What carbons of the ribose sugar link the DNA structure together?

• 
  5' and 3'

• 
  1' and 4'

• 2' and 3'

• 4' and 5'

Which of the following 3' strands is complementary to this 5' strand?

5' ACCAGTTGCGCA 3'

• 3' ACCAGTTGCGCA 5'

• 
  3' TGGTCATGCGCA 5'

• 
  3' ACCAGTACGCGT 5'

• 
  3' TGGTCAACGCGT 5'

Which of these is not one of the nitrogenous bases in DNA nucleotides?

• thymine

• 
  uracil

• adenine

• guanine

DNA molecules take on a twisted ladder shape, called a(n) _______________, _________________________. It is formed by two nucleotide strands twisted around one another. 

• twisted ladder

• helix

• double helix

• ladder

What is RNA?

• ribosomal nucleolic acid; it guides DNA synthesis.

• ribonucleic acid; it guides DNA synthesis

• ribosomal nucleolic acid; it guides protein synthesis

• 
  ribonucleic acid; it guides protein synthesis

What is messenger RNA (mRNA)?

• 
  type of RNA that transports amino acids to the ribosome

• 
  type of RNA that carries genetic information from the nucleus to the cytoplasm

• 
  type of RNA that associates with proteins to form ribosomes

• type of RNA that regulates gene expression in the cytoplasm

What is translation?

• 
  process in which mRNA is synthesized from the template DNA

• 
  process in which mRNA is packaged and processed and sent outside the nucleus

• 
  process in which the mRNA attaches to the ribosome and a protein is assembled

• 
  process in which DNA is replicated