A and P of Middle Ages

Which civilization initially took control over much of Western Europe after the fall of the Roman Empire?

• Vikings
• Franks
• Saxons
• Goths

Why is Charlemagne considered an important figure in world history?

• He was a conqueror who united many Europeans into one kingdom and was named the first emperor of Western Europe since the Roman Empire.

• He was a craftsman who created several guilds to protect the rights of craftspeople and increase the quality of their products throughout Western Europe.

• He was a knight who led a combined Western European military to victory against the Byzantine Empire and developed the code of chivalry.

• He was a missionary who traveled across Western Europe to teach people about Christianity and is recognized as a saint by the Christian Church today.

True or False: Charlemagne was a tolerant leader who encouraged the growth of several religions alongside Christianity, such as Islam and Judaism.

• False
• True

How did the Frankish Empire change after Charlemagne’s death?

• The Franks defeated the Magyars, the Muslims, and the Vikings in a series of battles to expand their territory.

• The Franks established the Carolingian Dynasty that ruled Western Europe for the rest of the Middle Ages.

• The Franks invented hot dogs to feed its growing population after climate change nearly caused starvation.

• The Franks split their empire into three smaller kingdoms: West Francia, East Francia, and Middle Francia.

True or False: New farming practices such as iron plows, horse-drawn plows, and a three-field crop rotation system contributed to the collapse of feudalism

• True
• False

How did the relationship between popes and kings change after Pope Leo III crowned King Charlemagne the Emperor of the Romans?

• It established the tradition that European countries could establish monarchies to control their governments.

• It established the tradition that the king controlled natural law while the pope was in charge of spiritual law.

• It established the tradition that kings and popes could cooperate in an official partnership to co-rule Western Europe.

• It established the tradition that popes could give and take power away from kings and other government officials.

Why did Pope Gregory VII and King Henry IV attempt to remove each other from power?

• 1. Gregory and Henry clashed over the king’s controversial marriage to the pope’s sister.

• Gregory and Henry clashed over the language used in several prayers during Christian church services.

• Gregory and Henry clashed over the liberation of serfs and peasants from the feudal system.

• Gregory and Henry clashed over the selection of bishops in the Holy Roman Empire.

Why is William the Conqueror considered an important figure in world history?

• He allied with the Spanish to reconquer Muslim lands and bring Christianity to southern Spain during the Reconquista.

• He became the first Norman citizen to be declared emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by the pope and forced French customs on Southern Europe.

• He became the first Norman king of England and created a feudal state controlled by Norman barons from France.

• He united France and Germany to form a powerful empire that eventually conquered the rest of Western Europe.

Why did several English barons force King John to sign the Magna Carta?

• They wanted to expand the king's power
• They were pleased with the king's rule
• The barons were upset about John’s taxes and wars that ultimately failed to regain lost territory in Normandy.

• They were seeking financial rewards from the king

What right was protected by habeas corpus for English barons in the Magna Carta?

• The monarch could not imprison barons without a credible reason.

• Right to vote in elections
• Right to bear arms
• Right to free speech