ONR_Natural Selection and Evolution

Who proposed the theory of natural selection based on the study of finches in the Galapagos Islands?

• Gregor Mendel

• Isaac Newton

• Charles Darwin

• Louis Pasteur

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What is Natural Selection?

• The process by which the strongest animals survive

• The process by which organisms that inherit advantageous traits tend to reproduce more successfully

• The process by which all organisms adapt to their environment simultaneously

• The process by which organisms change their genetic makeup at will

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Which factors influence natural selection?

• Genetic and environmental

• Climatic and geographical

• Behavioral and social

• Economic and political

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What does heredity refer to in the context of natural selection?

• The ability of organisms to learn from their parents

• The differences between species

• The differences passed from parent to offspring

• The ability of organisms to change their behavior

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What are adaptations in the context of natural selection?

• Changes in the environment that organisms must cope with

• Tools used by organisms to modify their surroundings

• Traits that make some individuals more successful at surviving and reproducing than others

• The process by which organisms become extinct

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What is an example of a structural adaptation?

• Bird calls

• Migration

• Beak on a bird

• Hibernation

What is an example of a behavioral adaptation?

• Fur on a bear

• Bird calls

• Beak on a bird

• Physical strength

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What does the term "Survival of the Fittest" mean in the context of natural selection?

• The most intelligent individuals survive

• The physically strongest individuals survive

• Successful individuals survive because of traits they have inherited

• Only the fastest individuals survive

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What are known as selective pressures?

• Environmental factors

• Genetic mutations

• Evolutionary changes

• Adaptive strategies

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Selective pressures can force individuals within a population to ______.

• migrate

• adapt

• hibernate

• reproduce

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