DNA bio vocab

Deoxyribonucleic acid (deoxyribose sugar); polymer of nucleotides that contains all hereditary information; located in the nucleus

• DNA

• RNA

• tRNA

• mRNA

Monomer of a nucleic acid - made up of a 5-carbon sugar (deoxyribose or ribose), phosphate group, and a nitrogen base

• translation

• nucleotide

• chromatin/chromosomes

• codon

The form of DNA coiled and packed in the nucleus (becomes individual chromosomes when it condenses before cell division)

• protein

• chromatin/chromosomes

• RNA

• nitrogen bases

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

Ribonucleic acid (ribose sugar); often carries the message of DNA

• tRNA

• ATP

• RNA

• mRNA

Make up the internal structure of DNA and RNA: Guanine, Cytosine, Adenine, Thymine (or Uracil); "stairsteps" of the ladder

• codon

• amino acids

• nucleotide

• nitrogen bases

Messenger RNA; end product of transcription, leaves nucleus to deliver the genetic message of DNA to the ribosomes

• mRNA

• tRNA

• RNA

• ATP

Ribosomal RNA; molecule that composes ribosomes to aid in the process of translation

• mRNA

• tRNA

• rRNA

• RNA

Transfer RNA; molecule that bonds with amino acids and transfers them to ribosomes for protein synthesis/translation

• tRNA

• RNA

• mRNA

• rRNA

First step in producing proteins - making mRNA from DNA so the genetic message can leave the nucleus; occurs in the nucleus

• gene therapy

• substitution mutation

• translation

• transcription

Process of assembling amino acids into proteins from the information coded in RNA; occurs at the ribosomes

• transcription

• gene therapy

• translation

• DNA fingerprinting

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1