Micro 19-20

Treatment of an animal bite for possible rabies includes

• debridement.

• washing bite with soap or detergent.

• infusing the wound with human rabies immune globulin (HRIG).

• postexposure vaccination with inactive vaccine.

• All of the choices are correct.

All of the following pertain to poliomyelitis except

• summer outbreaks in the U.S. have been recently increasing.

• transmitted primarily by fecal-contaminated water.

• can be asymptomatic or mild with headache, sore throat, fever, and nausea.

• if virus enters the central nervous system motor, neurons can be infected and destroyed.

• caused by enterovirus.

Polio virus initially multiplies in the

• liver.

• CNS.

• oropharynx.

• nasal mucosa.

• None of the choices is correct.

In paralytic polio, what structures are damaged?

• peripheral nerves

• diaphragm

• anterior horn cells

• sensory nerves

• brain stem

The preferred preventative measure for polio in the United States is

• inactive vaccine developed by Jonas Salk.

• oral, active vaccine developed by Jonas Salk.

• inactive vaccine developed by Albert Sabin.

• oral, active vaccine developed by Albert Sabin.

Production of a neurotoxin that binds to target sites on spinal cord neurons responsible for inhibiting skeletal muscle contraction is a characteristic of

• Clostridium botulinum

• Clostridium perfringens

• Clostridium difficile

• Clostridium tetani

• All of the choices are correct

The foodborne disease that involves neurotoxin is

• gastrointestinal anthrax

• bacillus cereus intoxication

• botulism

• clostridium perfringens gastroenteritis

• All of the choices are correct

Production of a neurotoxin that prevents acetylcholine release from motor neurons at neuromuscular junctions is a characteristic of

• Clostridium botulinum

• Clostridium perfringens

• Clostridium difficile

• Clostridium tetani

• All of the choices are correct

Which of the following pertains to both tetanus and foodborne botulism?

• occurs when spore-contaminated soil enters deep wounds

• caused by enterotoxins of the pathogen

• exotoxin blocks acetylcholine release

• nausea and diarrhea are symptoms

• treatment involves antitoxin therapy

Tetanus differs from botulism in that

• tetanus results in flaccid paralysis while botulism paralysis is rigid.

• tetanus results from an exotoxin; botulism from an endotoxin.

• there is a vaccine for tetanus, not for botulism.

• muscles cannot relax in tetanus; muscles cannot contract in botulism.

• All of the choices are correct.