Architecture LST

The clock speed of a CPU is usually measured in......

• MHz

• GHz

• PHz

• KHz

Answer explanation

The clock speed of a CPU is typically measured in GHz (gigahertz), which represents billions of cycles per second. While MHz (megahertz) and KHz (kilohertz) are also used, GHz is the standard for modern CPUs.

An example of an embedded system would be...

• Smartphone

• Laptop

• Electric Car

• Smart Doorbell

Answer explanation

A smart doorbell is an embedded system as it is designed for a specific function, integrating hardware and software to perform tasks like video recording and notifications. In contrast, smartphones and laptops are general-purpose devices.

One function of the CONTROL UNIT is that it fetches, .............................. and executes instructions

Answer explanation

The CONTROL UNIT fetches, decodes, and executes instructions. The correct choice is 'decodes' as it completes the sequence of operations performed by the CONTROL UNIT.

GHz means.....

• Millions of FDE cycles per second

• Billions of FDE cycles per second

• Gigabytes of FDE cycles per second

• Thousands of FDE cycles per second

Answer explanation

An embedded system is a specialized computer designed to perform dedicated functions within a larger system, often with real-time computing constraints. It integrates hardware and software to control devices or processes.

What register holds the instruction that is currently being decoded and executed? DO NOT GIVE YOUR ANSWER AS AN ABBREVIATION!

Answer explanation

The register that holds the instruction currently being decoded and executed is called the instruction register. It temporarily stores the instruction fetched from memory before it is processed by the CPU.

The memory data register (MDR) - holds the contents found at the address held in the MAR, or data which is to be transferred to ............................... memory

Answer explanation

The memory data register (MDR) holds data to be transferred to primary memory, which is the main storage area for active data and instructions in a computer system.

It performs arithmetic and logical operations. The ............... is where calculations are done and where decisions are made.

• ALU

• CU

• MDR

• AUL

Answer explanation

The correct choice is 'ALU' (Arithmetic Logic Unit), as it is responsible for performing arithmetic and logical operations, making calculations and decisions in a computer's processor.

.......................... is a small amount of high-speed random access memory (RAM) built directly within the processor.

The ALU acts as a gateway between ....................... memory and secondary storage 

Answer explanation

The ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) acts as a gateway between memory and the CPU, facilitating data processing and operations. It performs calculations and logical operations on data retrieved from memory before storing results.

The part of the processor that coordinates the activity of all other components is known as the...

Answer explanation

The part of the processor that coordinates the activity of all other components is known as the control unit. It directs the operation of the processor and manages the flow of data between the CPU and other components.