Computer System and Operating System Overview

What are the main objectives of an operating system?

• To build a house, design a website, and perform surgery

• To manage hardware resources, provide a user interface, run applications, handle system security, and facilitate communication between software and hardware.

• To bake cookies, play music, and water plants

• To predict the weather, write poetry, and solve math problems

Describe the evolution of operating systems over time.

• Operating systems have regressed in functionality and complexity since their inception.

• The evolution of operating systems has solely focused on improving hardware performance.

• Operating systems have remained static with no significant changes over time.

• Operating systems have evolved from simple batch processing systems to multi-user, multitasking systems with graphical user interfaces. The evolution includes the development of time-sharing systems, the introduction of personal computers, the shift towards client-server architecture, and the rise of mobile operating systems.

What are the primary functions of an operating system?

• Solving math problems, writing essays, painting pictures

• Cooking dinner, doing laundry, watering plants

• Managing hardware resources, providing a user interface, running applications, handling system security, facilitating communication between software and hardware

• Playing video games, watching movies, reading books

Explain the different structures of an operating system.

• Single-core kernels, multi-core kernels, and many-core kernels

• Monolithic kernels, microkernels, hybrid kernels, and exokernels

• Nano kernels, macrokernels, and superkernels

• Distributed kernels, virtual kernels, and parallel kernels

Which component of a computer system is responsible for executing instructions?

• Central Processing Unit (CPU)

• Random Access Memory (RAM)

• Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)

• Motherboard

What is the role of the operating system in managing resources?

• The operating system has no role in managing resources

• The operating system only manages memory resources

• The role of the operating system in managing resources includes allocation, scheduling, input/output control, and user interface.

• The operating system manages resources based on user preferences

How have operating systems evolved to support multitasking?

• By increasing the complexity of the user interface

• By limiting the number of processes that can run simultaneously

• By implementing features such as time-sharing, process scheduling, virtual memory, and preemptive multitasking.

• By removing all support for multitasking

What is the purpose of memory management in an operating system?

• Memory management in an operating system is used to control the color scheme of the user interface.

• The purpose of memory management is to regulate the speed of the processor in an operating system.

• Memory management in an operating system is responsible for managing the weather forecast on the desktop.

• The purpose of memory management in an operating system is to efficiently allocate and deallocate memory resources, prevent memory leaks, optimize system performance, and ensure memory protection between processes.

Discuss the concept of process scheduling in operating systems.

• Process scheduling involves determining the order of processes in memory

• Process scheduling is a feature exclusive to Windows operating systems

• Process scheduling in operating systems is the mechanism of determining which process to execute next on the CPU.

• Process scheduling is only relevant for single-core processors

How does virtual memory enhance the performance of a computer system?

• Virtual memory decreases the effective memory size

• Virtual memory hinders multitasking capabilities

• Virtual memory leads to inefficient memory management

• Virtual memory provides a larger effective memory size, enables multitasking, and allows for efficient memory management.