DNA Manipulation

What is the main purpose of using recombinant plasmids in genetic engineering?

• To increase the size of the DNA molecule

• To replicate viruses

• To insert foreign DNA into a host cell

• To remove unwanted DNA sequences

Which enzyme is used to seal the nicks in the backbone of DNA during the construction of recombinant DNA?

• Restriction enzyme

• DNA ligase

• DNA polymerase

• RNA polymerase

During gel electrophoresis, DNA fragments move through the gel towards the:

• Negative pole, because DNA is negatively charged

• Positive pole, because DNA is negatively charged

• Negative pole, because DNA is positively charged

• Positive pole, because DNA is positively charged

What is the role of DNA polymerase in PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)?

• To cut the DNA into smaller fragments

• To seal the DNA fragments together

• To synthesize new strands of DNA complementary to the template strands

• To denature the double-stranded DNA

Which of the following is NOT a step in bacterial transformation?

• Incubation of the bacteria with recombinant DNA

• Growth of bacteria on a nutrient agar plate

• Lysis of the bacteria to release DNA

• Selection of transformed bacteria

The LacZ gene in a cloning vector is primarily used for:

• Producing insulin

• Cutting DNA at specific sites

• Identifying transformed cells

• Ligating DNA fragments

Which of the following is a method used to produce insulin using recombinant DNA technology?

• Inserting the human insulin gene into bacterial plasmids

• Extracting insulin directly from human pancreas

• Synthesizing insulin chemically in a laboratory

• Extracting insulin from pig pancreas

What is the purpose of using restriction enzymes in genetic engineering?

• To degrade foreign DNA

• To replicate DNA

• To cut DNA at specific sequences

• To join two DNA fragments

Short Tandem Repeats (STRs) are used in which of the following applications?

• Cloning

• Genetic engineering

• Forensic analysis

• Insulin production

Which of the following best describes the role of DNA ligase in the formation of recombinant DNA?

• It cuts the DNA at specific sequences.

• It synthesizes new DNA strands.

• It seals the nicks in the sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA.

• It unwinds the DNA helix.