Technology and the Industrial Revolution

What is the definition of technology according to the text?

• The process by which human beings fashion tools and machines to change, manipulate, and control their environment.

• The study of ancient tools and machines.

• The use of computers and the internet in modern society.

• The history of tools and machines from the Stone Age to present.

What discovery followed the making of simple tools such as stone axes and bone arrow tips?

• The invention of the wheel.

• The discovery of copper and bronze alloys.

• The development of cuneiform writing.

• The use of iron in tools and weapons.

What was the significance of the yoke invented in Mesopotamia around 3500 BC?

• It allowed for the construction of fortifications.

• It enabled the development of cuneiform writing.

• It allowed draft animals to pull plows and wagons.

• It led to the widespread use of iron.

What was one of the social changes that occurred after 3500 BC due to effective farming and transportation?

• The introduction of slavery.

• The development of better weapons and fortifications.

• The growth of wealth to the cities and a change in the social structure.

• The invention of paperlike material from the papyrus plant.

Which technological advancement was developed by the early Greek period and mentioned in the text?

• The invention of the wheel.

• The widespread use of iron.

• The development of cuneiform writing.

• The creation of durable cements and concretes.

What was a major Roman work that exemplified their technological advancement?

• The development of cuneiform writing.

• The invention of the yoke for draft animals.

• The aqueducts that carried water for hundreds of miles.

• The introduction of slavery.

What was one of the social penalties of the highly organized technological effort in Greek and Roman times?

• The development of better weapons and fortifications.

• The introduction of slavery.

• The growth of wealth and change in social structure.

• The use of lead poisoning in metalware.

What invention is often considered to mark the end of the Middle Ages?

• The invention of the mechanical reaper

• The invention of the steam engine

• The invention of the watermill

• The invention of the movable-type printing press

Which numerals replaced Roman numerals, simplifying the keeping of records?

• Arabic numerals

• Indian numerals

• Greek numerals

• Egyptian numerals

What was the principal power source for factories and later, the development of the steam locomotive?

• The watermill

• The steam engine

• The sewing machine

• The mechanical reaper