Biotechnology 28.1-2 HW (Prokaryotes)

What is one of the main differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

• Prokaryotic cells have a membrane-bounded nucleus.

• Prokaryotic cells are larger than eukaryotic cells.

• Prokaryotic cells lack many of the organelles seen in eukaryotes.

• There are fewer prokaryotic cells than eukaryotic cells in the human body.

Approximately how many prokaryotic cells are there for every single cell of the human body?

• 10

• 100

• 1000

• 10,000

Why is an understanding of prokaryotes essential according to the text?

• Because they are the largest organisms on Earth.

• Because they contribute significantly to oxygen production today.

• Because they are the only organisms with cellular organization.

• Because they can be found only in ancient Earth's atmosphere.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

What do microfossils indicate about the first cells?

• They were probably eukaryotic.

• They were probably multicellular.

• They were probably prokaryotic.

• They were probably non-cellular.

How old are the currently oldest known microfossils?

• 2.7 billion years old.

• 3.5 billion years old.

• 3.8 billion years old.

• 4.1 billion years old.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-6

What is the significance of carbon isotopes in studying the origin of life?

• They indicate the presence of water on early Earth.

• They indicate the presence of oxygen in the atmosphere.

• They indicate carbon fixation, the incorporation of inorganic carbon into organic form.

• They indicate the presence of sunlight in early Earth's environment.

What are stromatolites?

• Rocks that are approximately 1 billion years old.

• Mats of bacterial cells that trap mineral deposits and form dome shapes.

• Microscopic structures that are still unclear in origin.

• Non-cellular formations found in sedimentary deposits.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

What is the age of the carbon signatures indicating carbon fixation as long as?

• 2.7 billion years ago.

• 3.5 billion years ago.

• 3.8 billion years ago.

• 4.1 billion years ago.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-6

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

Which pathway is most common for carbon fixation in the Calvin cycle?

• Photosynthesis

• The reductive version of the Krebs cycle

• Anoxygenic photosynthesis

• The pathway used by cyanobacteria, algae, and higher plants

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-5

What is the significance of hydrocarbons like hopanoids in the context of ancient life?

• They indicate the presence of eukaryotic life.

• They are biomarkers that may indicate ancient life forms.

• They show that life forms were independent of sunlight.

• They are chemical markers for living systems in the oldest rocks.