Muscles of Knee & Ankle

What are the quadriceps muscles of the knee?

• Tibialis anterior

• Soleus

• Biceps femoris

• Rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius

Name the hamstring muscles of the knee.

• gracilis

• tensor fasciae latae

• rectus femoris

• semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and biceps femoris

Which muscle is the primary plantar flexor of the ankle?

• Soleus

• Gastrocnemius

• Tibialis anterior

• Quadriceps

Identify the muscle responsible for plantar flexion and inversion of the ankle.

• Peroneus longus

• Tibialis posterior

• Soleus

• Gastrocnemius

What is the main function of the tibialis anterior muscle in the ankle?

• Adduction of the foot

• Dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot

• Plantarflexion and eversion of the foot

• Flexion of the knee

Which muscle is responsible for flexing, abducting, and laterally rotating the thigh at the hip joint?

• Rectus femoris

• Gluteus maximus

• Sartorius

• Adductor magnus

Explain the origin and insertion points of the quadriceps muscles of the knee.

• Origin: Fibula; Insertion: Patella

• Origin: Femur; Insertion: Patella and tibial tuberosity via the patellar tendon.

• Origin: Tibia; Insertion: Femur

• Origin: Patella; Insertion: Tibia

Describe the origin and insertion points of the gastrocnemius muscle in the ankle.

• Origin: Medial and lateral femoral condyles; Insertion: Calcaneus via Achilles tendon

• Origin: Tibia; Insertion: Metatarsals

• Origin: Fibula; Insertion: Talus

• Origin: Ischial tuberosity; Insertion: Patella

What are the origin and insertion points of the soleus muscle in the ankle?

• Origin: Soleus bone; Insertion: Tibia

• Origin: Head and distal shaft of the fibula; Insertion: Talus bone

• Origin: Head and proximal shaft of the fibula and posterior surface of the tibia; Insertion: Calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon (Achilles tendon)

• Origin: Calcaneus; Insertion: Fibula and tibia

Discuss the origin and insertion points of the tibialis anterior muscle in the ankle.

• The tibialis anterior muscle originates from the patella and inserts into the talus bone.

• The tibialis anterior muscle originates from the fibula and inserts into the calcaneus bone.

• The tibialis anterior muscle originates from the lateral condyle and upper two-thirds of the tibia, as well as the interosseous membrane, and inserts into the medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal bone.

• The tibialis anterior muscle originates from the femur and inserts into the phalanges of the toes.