Mutations - Amoeba Sisters

What types of organisms can experience mutations?

• Only plants and fungi

• Only bacteria and viruses

• All organisms

• Only animals and humans

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

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What is a silent mutation?

• A mutation that can only occur in humans

• A mutation that always results in a harmful effect

• A mutation that does not alter the amino acid coded for

• A mutation that changes the amino acid to another

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Are mutations always harmful?

• No, they are always beneficial

• Yes, but only in animals

• No, they can be neutral, harmful, or beneficial

• Yes, they always cause diseases

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

What causes a frameshift mutation?

• A silent mutation

• The removal or addition of a base

• Duplication of a gene

• A substitution of a base

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

What is nondisjunction?

• The duplication of a gene

• The incorrect separation of chromosomes during meiosis

• A chromosomal mutation where parts are reversed

• A type of gene mutation

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Why are fruit flies frequently studied in genetics?

• Because they do not experience mutations

• Because their mutations and inheritance patterns are well-documented

• Because they reproduce asexually

• Because they have a large number of chromosomes

What is the role of hemoglobin in red blood cells?

• To produce energy

• To carry oxygen

• To carry nutrients

• To fight infections

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How is sickle cell anemia inherited?

• Through two copies of a mutated gene, one from each parent

• Through a single copy of a mutated gene from one parent

• It is not inherited but acquired

• Through environmental factors

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NGSS.HS-LS3-1

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What advantage do carriers of the sickle cell gene mutation have?

• Protection against malaria

• Immunity to all blood disorders

• No advantage at all

• Enhanced physical abilities

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What is the function of genetic counselors?

• To conduct genetic testing on animals

• To help families affected by genetic disorders

• To modify genes to prevent diseases

• To study the genetics of fruit flies