Final exam review

If we ask people who they are voting for in the 2024 election and give them the choice of Trump or Biden, we are using surveys as a:

• Quantitative Research Method

• Qualitative Research Method

• Non-experimental Data Collection Tool

• Experimental Data Collection Tool

Which of the following is not one of the cognitive processes required in responding to surveys?

• Question interpretation

• Judgment formation

• Probability sampling

• Response editing

Randomly sampling from individuals within Salt Lake, Logan, and Provo (but not the rest of Utah) is an example of:

• Snowball sampling

• Simple random sampling

• Stratified random sampling

• Cluster sampling

In a pretest-posttest design, we may see improvement at the posttest because participants are growing and learning rather than our manipulation, which is known as:

• Spontaneous remission

• Maturation

• Instrumentation

• Regression to the mean

In the most basic single-subject research design, the DV is measured before a treatment is introduced, after it's introduced, and then again after removing the treatment. This type of design is called a:

• One group posttest-only design

• Alternating treatment design

• Multiple baseline design

• Reversal, aka ABA design

If a study uses deception, at the end of the study we should quickly utilize:

• a consent form

• debriefing

• more deception

• a confederate

Which of the following is not part of the 3-R framework adopted for use in animal studies?

• Reduce

• Replace

• Re-educate

• Refine

Prior to beginning a study, participants should sign a(n):

• Informed consent

• IRB

• Belmont report

• Ethics code

With an alpha criterion of .05, the critical region of a two-sided (aka two-tailed) test is:

• 2.5%

• 5%

• 10%

• 0.5%

The difference between descriptive and inferential statistics is that descriptive statistics _______ and inferential statistics ______.

• measure skew; measure central tendency

• measure central tendency; measure skew

• describe the sample; make inferences about the population

• describe the population; make inferences about the sample