Tectonics 1.2 - Crackin' Kashmir

Which of the following is considered a local factor contributing to vulnerability?

• Root causes

• Dynamic pressures

• Unsafe conditions

• Changes in capacity to cope

What are the dynamic pressures categorized as in the study pointers?

• Local

• National

• Regional

• Global

What scale do root causes generate operate on, in the context of vulnerability?

• Local

• Regional

• National/Global

• Individual

What are "root causes" in the context of the Pressure and Release Model?

• Specific ways that people are vulnerable

• Conditions that create unsafe situations during disasters

• Overarching political and economic structures that lead to social inequalities

• Immediate triggers of a disaster event

What do "dynamic pressures" refer to in the Pressure and Release Model?

• The immediate response to a disaster

• The underlying social and economic processes that increase vulnerability

• The physical characteristics of buildings and infrastructure

• The relief efforts provided after a disaster

According to the Pressure and Release Model, what are "unsafe conditions"?

• The political ideologies that govern society

• The environmental factors that contribute to disasters

• The specific ways in which people's vulnerability is expressed in society

• The rescue operations conducted during emergencies

What is one of the unsafe conditions mentioned that has made Kashmir vulnerable?

• Advanced technology in construction

• Poor building practices and code enforcement

• Excessive use of timber in construction

• Well-maintained access roads

Which factor is listed under Dynamic Pressures that affects Kashmir's vulnerability?

• Efficient agricultural practices

• Deforestation due to illegal felling and corrupt practice

• Low population growth

• Mild climate

What is one of the root causes for Kashmir's vulnerability?

• Pakistani government's focus on aseismic construction

• Pakistani government encouraged workforce to emigrate

• Strong relations with the Indian government

• High foreign currency reserves

What was the impact of the Chinese-built Karakoram Highway on Kashmir?

• It has reduced the population growth in the region

• It has led to an increase in traditional skills

• It has facilitated the import/flow of modernisation/loggers & export of skilled carpenters

• It has improved the local climate conditions