Explore chemical structure and properties: soapmaking

Which of the following statements are true? Select all that apply.

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Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS1-5

Which of the following statements are true? Select all that apply.

• A large amount of coconut oil has a higher melting point than a small amount of coconut oil.

• Because the temperature in Sam's kitchen is higher than the melting point of the coconut oil, the coconut oil is a liquid.

• A substance's melting point is higher when the attractions between its molecules are stronger.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Another characteristic property of a substance is its solubility in water. A substance's water solubility describes how well the substance will dissolve in water at a given temperature. Like other characteristic properties, water solubility is determined by a substance's chemical structure.

Some substances, such as sugar and table salt, have chemical structures that make them highly soluble in water. Other substances, such as dirt and oil, have chemical structures that make them insoluble, or poorly soluble, in water.

Complete the sentence using the options below in the correct order!

Coconut oil is __________ in water so coconut oil ______________ in water.

• insoluble

• soluble

• desolves well

• does not desolve well

The following passage describes how Sam makes soap from coconut oil. Select the part of the passage that describes the chemical change that occurs during saponification.

• To make her soap Sam heats the coconut oil to 120 °F.

• Then she adds the hot coconut oil to a solution of sodium hydroxide in water and starts to blend the mixture.

• As she blends soap begins to form causing the mixture to become much thicker.

• After blending for 5 minutes, Sam pours the mixture into a rectangular soap mold.

• Finaly Sam taps the mold to remove any air bubbles that had been blended into the mixture.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS1-5

Complete the sentence.

At 82°F the coconut oil soap is a __________.

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Complete the sentence.

The melting point of coconut soap is ____________ than the melting point of coconut oil.

• higher

• lower

Complete the sentence.

The attractions between molecules of coconut oil soap must be ___________ than attractions between molecules of coconut oil.

• stronger

• weaker

The density of coconut oil is 0.9 grams per milliliter, and the density of coconut oil soap is 1.1 grams per cubic centimeter. Even though the densities of coconut oil soap and coconut oil have different units, they can be compared directly. This is because a cubic centimeter and a milliliter have the same volume. So, a solid with a density of 1 gram per cubic centimeter and a liquid with a density of 1 gram per milliliter are equally dense.

Which substance is more dense?

• coconut oil

• coconut oil soap

Read the passage and then answer the question below.

Sam washes her hands with coconut oil soap and running water. As the water dissolves the soap, a lather forms and the soap bar gets smaller.

Which 2 words or statements complete the sentence?

Coconut oil soap ___________ in water. So coconut oil soap is __________.

• dissolves well

• desolves poorly

• soluble

• insoluble

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

Why is soap good at cleaning?

Choose the best answer. Make sure you read the passage before attempting to answer this question!

• It has a rough texture that scrubs away dirt

• It has a high pH level that breaks down grease

• It creates a slippery surface that allows dirt to be washed away

• It has molecules that can bond with both water and oil