Biorefineries and Heterogeneous Catalysis Quiz

What is the main goal of comparing biorefineries with and without heterogeneous catalysis?

• To determine the best type of biomass

• To assess the environmental impact only

• To compare the techno-economic viability

• To focus on the production of a single product

What significant advantage does the inclusion of heterogeneous catalysis offer to biorefineries?

• Decreases the overall cost significantly

• Limits the variety of products

• Increases the diversity of valuable products

• Simplifies the biorefinery process

According to the study, why might biorefineries with catalysis not be economically superior at the current stage?

• Lack of technological advancement

• High operational costs

• Unavailability of biomass

• Inefficient catalytic processes

Which of the following best describes the economic perspective of incorporating catalytic processes in biorefineries, according to the study?

• Not economically feasible

• Reduces product quality

• Economically feasible with increased product diversity

• No significant impact on economics

Which of the following is NOT a product mentioned as being produced by the biorefineries studied?

• Methanol

• Xylitol

• Ethyl levulinate

• Plastic polymers

What is the main feedstock used in the biorefineries mentioned in the study?

• Crude oil

• Lignocellulosic biomass

• Algae

• Coal

What is a key finding regarding the impact of heterogeneous catalysis on biorefineries?

• It significantly reduces the variety of products.

• It leads to a decrease in biomass feedstock variety.

• It makes the biorefinery processes more complex and less manageable.

• It offers a feasible economic perspective and increases product diversity.

What does the study suggest about the commercialization of biorefineries with catalytic processes?

• It's already widely commercialized.

• It's not yet a widely commercialized practice.

• It's only commercialized in developed countries.

• It's prohibited due to environmental regulations.

Which economic metric is NOT mentioned as being used to evaluate the feasibility of the biorefineries?

• Net Present Value (NPV)

• Return on Investment (ROI)

• Internal Rate of Return (IRR)

• Profitability Index

What type of biomass is primarily discussed in the study for biorefinery feedstock?

• Marine algae

• Oil palm residues

• Food waste

• Corn stover