Pre-test OBR Training

Which serotype of wild poliovirus is still found in the world today?

• Wild poliovirus 1 and Circulating Vaccine Derived Polioviruses

• Wild polioviruses 1, 2 and 3

• Wild poliovirus 3

• Wild poliovirus and Circulating Vaccine Derived Poliovirus Type 2

• Wild poliovirus 1

Currently The following is/are Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) under the International Health Regulations (IHR)

• Measles, COVID19, Ebola and Congo Fever

• COVID-19, Polio, Measles and Congo Fever

• Polio

• Measles

• Polio and Measles

Currently, Pakistan polio program defines Wild poliovirus outbreak as:

• Two or more wild polio cases are reported from a district

• Detection of wild poliovirus type 1 from environmental sample

• Detection of wild poliovirus from an AFP case or environmental surveillance sample

• Detection of wild poliovirus from an AFP case or healthy child or environmental surveillance

• Any new detection of wild poliovirus from an AFP case, or healthy child or from an environmental sample in a newly infected district, outside the seven districts of South Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Notification (declaration) of a new WPV1 detection and outbreak is made by:

• Director Polio Laboratory

• EDOH

• District Surveillance Coordinator

• National EOC Coordinator

• None of the above

What are the key components of standard outbreak response?

• Declaration of outbreak, two vaccination rounds and fortnightly environmental sampling.

• Vaccination campaigns, new environmental surveillance sites, accelerated routine immunization, and monitoring and evaluation.

• Immediate declaration (notification) of the outbreak; assigning outbreak management team and regular coordination; enhanced surveillance, planning for a vaccination response; scope of vaccination; defining and planning high quality outbreak response, and monitoring and evaluation of response.

• Provincial Task Force Meeting, field investigation, vaccination campaigns, ad hoc environmental surveillance, and outbreak response assessment and outbreak closure.

• 3-level call, vaccination campaigns, expansion of environmental surveillance, and outbreak closure if no virus detected after six months of vaccination campaigns.

What is applicable for a 3-level coordination call?

• Convened by the NEOC between NEOC, PEOC and DEOC

• Held within 72 hours of the reporting of a new WPV1 by the polio laboratory from a new infected district outside southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

• Agree on composition of the investigation team and timeline and scope and dates for vaccination responses.

• All the above

• None of the above

What are key objectives of Polio outbreak investigation?

• Identify possible source of infection.

• Determine characteristics of cases, or features of population in catchment area of the site having detection of WPV

• Assess risk of continuation of transmission, areas at risk and spread locally and to other areas.

• Help planning response including vaccination, surveillance, and social mobilization to rapidly interrupt transmission and prevent spread.

• All the above.

What are the main components of detailed poliovirus outbreak investigation?

• Desk review of surveillance, vaccination, and SBCC data

• Field epidemiological investigation, risk assessment

• HRMP focused assessment immunity and surveillance

• All the above

• None of the above

What should be done before actually going to the field for an epidemiological investigation?

• Develop a hypothesis based on available epidemiological data and desk review of surveillance, campaign and SBCC data

• Prepare lists and contacts of authorities and meet/communicate with relevant authorities before movement to inform objectives of the investigation.

• Prepare a checklist of field activities and key informants to meet/interview.

• Make a timetable for key activities considering travel time.

• All of the above

Please mark what is applicable for the risk assessment

• It should be done on the day of reporting of a new WPV1 outbreak.

• It should be done within 72 hours of reporting of a new WPV1 by Polio reference laboratory.

• This helps in deciding scope and timing of the response vaccination campaigns and activities related to vaccine management, SBCC and surveillance.

• None of the above