QUIZ - Schema and Memory

What was the aim of Bartlett's study on reconstructive memory?

• To determine the accuracy of photographic memory

• To analyze the impact of stress on memory

• To investigate the reliability of eyewitness testimony

• To explore the influence of cultural schemas on memory

In Bartlett's study, what were the three patterns of distortion that took place in participants' memory recall?

• Assimilation, Reversal, Sharpening

• Leveling, Sharpening, Distortion

• Assimilation, Leveling, Sharpening

• Distortion, Reversal, Assimilation

What did Bartlett's theory of reconstructive memory suggest about human memory?

• Memories are fixed and unchangeable

• Memories are reconstructed based on existing schemas

• Memories are influenced by external factors

• Memories are exact copies of experiences

What did Yuille & Cutshall's study on eyewitness memory at a real crime scene find?

• Eyewitnesses were influenced by leading questions

• Eyewitnesses were accurate in recalling details confirmed by police reports

• Eyewitnesses had false memories implanted by the researchers

• Eyewitnesses were highly unreliable in their testimonies

What did the study by Bahrick et al. (1975) demonstrate about different types of memory?

• Procedural memories are more reliable than declarative memories

• Episodic memories are more reliable than semantic memories

• Declarative memories are more reliable than procedural memories

• Semantic memories are more reliable than episodic memories

What did the study by Bahrick et al. (1975) reveal about memory reliability over time?

• Memory accuracy decreases over time

• Memory reliability depends on the type of memory

• Memory reliability increases over time

• Memory reliability remains constant over time

What was the main finding of Loftus & Palmer's (1974) study on reconstructive memory?

• People's memory is not influenced by leading questions

• People's memory is fixed and cannot be changed

• People's memory is always accurate and reliable

• People's memory can be manipulated by post-event information and wording of questions

What was the aim of Experiment 1 in Loftus & Palmer's study on leading questions and memory?

• To investigate the impact of stress on memory recall

• To study the effect of leading questions on speed estimation

• To analyze the reliability of photographic memory

• To determine the accuracy of eyewitness testimony

What was the key finding of Experiment 2 in Loftus & Palmer's study on leading questions and memory?

• The wording of the question did not affect participants' speed estimates

• Participants' speed estimates were consistent across all conditions

• Participants' speed estimates were higher when the word 'hit' was used

• Participants' speed estimates were higher when the word 'smashed' was used

What was the aim of Shaw & Porter's (2015) study on implanting false memories of committing crimes?

• To analyze the influence of media on memory recall

• To explore the susceptibility of adults to developing false memories of crimes

• To determine the accuracy of eyewitness testimony in criminal cases

• To investigate the impact of childhood trauma on memory formation