OAC study guide

During a science experiment, Anika observed different states of water. In which state did the water molecules have the most kinetic energy?

• Solid (Ice)

• Liquid (Water)

• Gas (Steam)

What role does the Coriolis effect play in the formation of weather patterns?

• It causes the deflection of wind and ocean currents, influencing global weather patterns and storm paths.

• Directly results in the formation of deserts in specific latitudes due to the uneven heating of Earth's surface.

• Leads to the uniform distribution of rainfall across the globe, ensuring tropical rainforests and deserts receive equal amounts of precipitation.

• Prevents the formation of large storm systems in both hemispheres, leading to calmer weather conditions worldwide.

During a school project on climate, Michael observed the following phenomena. Which of the following is the correct relationship between energy, sun, and the air in his observation?

• Energy is transferred from the sun directly to the air.

• Energy is transferred from the sun to Earth's surface.

• Energy is transferred from the sun to the air, and then to Earth's surface.

• Energy is transferred from the sun to the Earth's surface, and then to the air.

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Which location, Mexico or Canada, gets more energy from the sun? Explain.

• Mexico - Areas closest to the equator get more energy from the sun.

• Canada - Areas farthest from the equator get more energy from the sun.

• Canada - Areas closest to the poles get more energy from the sun.

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Olivia is planning to move to Florida and desires a city where the temperatures don't fluctuate much. Should she choose a coastal city or one inland, away from any water body? Explain.

• Inland - land gains and loses energy more slowly than the ocean.

• Coastal - the ocean gains and loses energy more slowly than the land.

• Inland - land gains energy faster, but loses it more slowly than the ocean.

• Coastal - the ocean gains and loses energy faster than land.

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Why is the density of different regions of the ocean different?

• Due to the Earth's rotation

• Because of variations in the ocean's thermal capacity

• Due to temperature and salinity variation

• Because of the specific heat capacity of land

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What is the cause of prevailing winds?

• The rotation of the Earth

• The density of ocean regions

• Temperature and salinity variations

• Variations in ocean currents

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How does temperature vary with latitude?

• It is colder at higher latitudes

• It is warmer at higher latitudes

• Temperature does not vary with latitude

• It is the same at all latitudes

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Which areas receive more energy from the sun?

• Areas near the poles

• Areas near the equator

• Areas with high altitude

• Areas far from water bodies

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Carlos is planning a beach vacation and wants to swim in the warmest ocean water. He reads that ocean currents carry heat energy and thinks the warmest currents will be near the equator. What evidence best supports his thinking?

• Ocean currents near the equator receive more energy from the sun, making the water warmer.

• Ocean currents near the equator gain a lot of energy from cold currents coming from the poles

• Ocean currents near the equator lose a lot of energy to the sun, making the water cooler.

• Ocean currents near the equator lose a lot of energy to the water, keeping temperatures lower.