Cardiovascular System Overview

Cardiac output is?

What is the equation of cardiac output?

Which factors affect cardiac rate?

• Sympathetic nervous stimulation

• Parasympathetic stimulation

• Contraction strength

• Hormonal stimulation

Which factors affect stroke volume?

• End-diastolic volume

• Parasympathetic nerve stimulation

• Contractility

• Arterial pressure & total peripheral resistance

What is the Frank Starling Law of the Heart?

• Relationship between EDV, contractility, & stroke volume

• Relationship between EDV, contractility, & total peripheral resistance

• Relationship between nerve stimulation, contractility, & EDV

What is blood volume?

What are factors that affect blood volume?

• Water excretion

• Hormones

• Viscosity

• Fluid ingestion

What is blood flow?

Blood flow is directional proportional to ____?

Blood flow is inversely related to ____?