Quiz on Developmental Theories of Crime Causation

According to the Life Course Theory, why is criminality difficult to attribute to a single cause?

• People are influenced by different factors as they mature

• People do not change over time

• Criminal opportunities decrease with age

• Genetic makeup remains stable throughout life

What is the main difference between the Life Course Theory and the Latent Trait Theory?

• People do not change over time in both theories

• Latent Trait Theory focuses on social bonds

• Latent Trait Theory emphasizes the role of education

• Life Course Theory emphasizes that criminal opportunities change

Who proposed the Interactional Theory of crime causation?

• Robert J Sampson

• Michael Gottfredson

• Mark Colvin

• Terence P. Thornberry

What are the turning points identified in the Age-Graded Theory of crime causation?

• Socialization and peer pressure

• Physical fitness and stamina

• Education and family relations

• Marriage and career

According to the Social Development Model, what affects a child's social development over the life course?

• Parental attachment and socialization

• Economic status only

• Peer pressure only

• Genetic makeup

Who developed the General Theory of Crime?

• Joseph G Weis

• Charles Tittles

• Robert J Sampson and John Laub

• Michael Gottfredson and Travis Hirschi

What does the Differential Coercion Theory identify as sources of coercion?

• Interpersonal and impersonal coercion

• Direct and indirect coercion

• Physical and psychological coercion

• Interpersonal and intrapersonal coercion

According to the Control Balance Theory, what results in conformity?

• Control deficit

• Lack of control

• Excessive control

• Balance between control by others and control over others

What is the concept of 'Aging out Process' in the Age-Graded Theory?

• The tendency for youths to reduce offending behavior as they age

• The process of becoming more mature with age

• The process of becoming less responsible with age

• The process of aging leading to increased criminal behavior

Which Biblical verse is referenced at the end of the text?

• Psalm 23:1

• John 3:16

• Hebrews 13:5-6

• Matthew 5:16