Meiosis

In a laboratory experiment, Evelyn observed a culture of bacteria. She noted that these simple prokaryotic cells reproduce through which process?

• mitosis

• meiosis

• binary fission

• independent assortment

Gametes refer to...

• end products of mitosis

• special vegetative cells

• sexual reproductive cells

• found only in vertebrates

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

When Samuel's pet fish releases eggs and they are fertilized by the male fish, the result is a...

• daughter cell

• mother cell

• zygote

• bud

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Differences between mitosis and meiosis include(s)...

• Mitosis has one cell division; meiosis has two cell divisions.

• Mitosis produces body cells; meiosis produces gametes.

• Both a & b

• Mitosis cells are genetically different, Meiosis cell are genetically identical.

Answer explanation

The correct answer is 'Both a & b' because mitosis has one cell division and produces body cells, while meiosis has two cell divisions and produces gametes.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

You're on a safari adventure, and you stumble upon a cheetah. You know that each body cell of a cheetah contains 38 chromosomes. How many chromosomes would normally be present in a gamete produced by this cheetah?

• 19

• 36

• 48

• 96

Answer explanation

A gamete contains half the number of chromosomes as a body cell. Since a chimpanzee's body cell has 48 chromosomes, a gamete would have 24 chromosomes, making the correct answer 24.

You're on a safari adventure, and you stumble upon a prairie dog. You know that each sex cell of a prairie dog contains 20 chromosomes. How many chromosomes would normally be present in a body cell produced by this prairie dog?

• 28

• 40

• 48

• 96

Answer explanation

A gamete contains half the number of chromosomes as a body cell. Since a chimpanzee's body cell has 48 chromosomes, a gamete would have 24 chromosomes, making the correct answer 24.

During the normal meiosis of a diploid cell, the change in chromosome number that occurs is represented by

• 4n → n

• 2n → n

• 2n → 4n

• n → ½n

Answer explanation

During meiosis, a diploid cell undergoes two divisions resulting in the reduction of chromosome number from 2n to n, leading to the formation of haploid gametes.

In a biology class, Avery learned that the sex cell of a wolf has 39 chromosomes. Avery is curious and asks, how many chromosomes will a body cell of this same wolf have?

• 40

• 30

• 78

• 46

Answer explanation

The body cell will have double the number of chromosomes compared to the sex cell, so it will have 20 chromosomes (10 x 2 = 20). Therefore, the correct answer is 20.

Independent assortment of homologous chromosomes occurs during

• metaphase I

• mitotic cell division

• prophase I

• anaphase I

Answer explanation

Independent assortment of homologous chromosomes occurs during metaphase I, where homologous chromosomes line up randomly along the metaphase plate.

In a biology class, Zoe observes under the microscope that new spindle fibers form around homologous chromosomes during __________ of meiosis.

• telophase I

• anaphase I

• prophase I

• prophase II

• anaphase II

Answer explanation

New spindle fibers form around homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis.