11 - (1) Natural Selection & Peppered Moths - April 5

Who is often mistakenly credited with coming up with the concept of evolution, according to the text?

• Alfred Russel Wallace

• Gregor Mendel

• Charles Darwin

• Isaac Newton

What does the term "natural selection" refer to in the context of evolution?

• The process by which individuals with beneficial traits are more likely to survive and reproduce

• The intentional selection of traits by human breeders

• The random mutation of genes within a population

• The migration of species from one habitat to another

What is an example of natural selection affecting body size in the text?

• The evolution of the peppered moth

• The change in body size of insects and arthropods due to oxygen levels

• The smaller body size of male elephant seals

• The adaptation of plants to different soil types

What environmental change led to the evolution of the peppered moth as described in the text?

• The increase in global temperatures

• The decrease in atmospheric oxygen

• The industrialization and the resulting pollution

• The introduction of new predators

What is Charles Darwin famous for proposing?

• The theory of relativity

• The germ theory of disease

• The theory of natural selection

• The theory of evolutionary gradualism

What is the main difference between natural selection and artificial selection?

• Natural selection involves human preference, while artificial selection is based on environmental factors.

• Artificial selection is driven by survival, while natural selection is based on human desires.

• Natural selection is based on environmental pressures, while artificial selection involves human choices.

• There is no difference; both terms mean the same thing.

According to the text, what is one consequence of artificial selection in British bulldogs?

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What happened to the population of peppered moths in cities during the industrial revolution?

• The population remained the same.

• The population decreased significantly.

• The population transformed from light to dark.

• The population became resistant to pollution.

Nature selects...

(select all that apply)

• for favourable traits

• for unfavourable traits

• against favourable traits

• against unfavourable traits