What is the primary way through which we predict future events or outcomes ?

• Guesswork

• Abductive reasoning

• Inductive reasoning

• Deductive reasoning

Why can't inductive arguments provide certainty?

• Because they rely on past events which may not always predict future occurrences accurately

• Because they are always false

• Because they only use scientific data

• Because they are based on personal opinions

What does abduction rely on?

• Strict rules and formulas

• The ability to predict the future accurately

• The predictability of nature

• Ruling out impossible explanations to find the most plausible one

What is the best description of abduction given in the video and pdf?

• A form of kidnapping

• Using past events to predict future outcomes

• Predicting the future

• Inference to the best explanation

How do philosophers use arguments differently from ordinary discussions?

• By not requiring reasons for their conclusions

• By only using deductive reasoning

• By holding each other to higher standards and requiring reasons for disagreements

• By always agreeing with each other

What is the Socratic method?

• A method of teaching physics

• A dialogue that brings interlocutors closer to the truth

• A way to win arguments

• A form of deductive reasoning

What is the main goal of a philosopher during an argument?

• To find the truth

• To win the argument

• To demonstrate superior knowledge

• To discredit the opponent

What is the reliability of inductive reasoning?

• It is reliable but does not provide certainty

• It is never reliable

• It is only reliable in scientific research

• It is always reliable

what is a significant challenge when using abduction?

• It is not recognized by the philosophical community

• It is too time-consuming

• It requires a lot of guesswork

• It uses only the information at hand, which may not be sufficient

What role does deductive reasoning play in philosophical arguments?

• To provide absolute certainty based on general premises

• To make guesses about future events

• To compare different philosophical ideas

• To discredit opposing arguments without evidence