Understanding the Cardiovascular System

What are the main components of the cardiovascular system?

• Heart, blood, and blood vessels

• Heart, brain, and lungs

• Heart, kidneys, and liver

• Heart, stomach, and intestines

Which side of the heart has thicker muscle due to pumping blood to the entire body?

• Neither side

• Right side

• Left side

• Both sides equally

What initiates the heartbeat and controls the heart rate?

• Myocardium

• Pacemaker cells

• SA node

• AV node

What is the primary function of red blood cells?

• Transport nutrients

• Fight infections

• Clot blood

• Transport oxygen and carbon dioxide

Which vessels carry oxygenated blood away from the heart?

• Capillaries

• Venules

• Arteries

• Veins

What is the main role of the capillaries in the circulatory system?

• To pump blood

• To filter blood

• To exchange substances with tissues

• To store blood

Which layer of blood vessel walls is responsible for regulating blood flow by constricting or dilating?

• Basement membrane

• Inner endothelium layer

• Middle smooth muscle layer

• Outer connective tissue layer

Why do arteries have more muscles than veins?

• To filter blood

• To store more blood

• To absorb nutrients

• To withstand higher pressures