Science Review 2 5A

13. Observations of sand dunes, like the one pictured below in the Mojave Desert, reveal two characteristics of dunes. First, sand dunes have a long side with a gentle slope and a short side with a steep slope. Second, they tend to move from one place to another over time. Which of the following best explains the cause of these characteristics?

• A. Deserts tend to be very hot year round.

• b. Wind shapes and moves sand dunes.

• c. Rain creates the unique form of sand dunes.

• d. Temperature changes break large desert rocks.

14. Students wanted to model the way erosion by water can create certain land forms. They let water pour, in a thin line, over a salt brick for half an hour. The way in which the brick changed is shown above. Which of the following best describes the real world landform they modeled?

• A. Stream deposits creating a delta

• b. A river carving out a canyon

• c. Folding of rock layers building a mountain

• d. Glacial melt water filling a lake

15. All of the following land forms are the result of moving wind, water, or ice EXCEPT—

• canyon

• sand dune

• delta

• mountain

16. Solar energy is considered an alternative energy resource because it---

• A. Is produced by the Sun

• b. Can take the place of fossil fuels

• c. Is always present on Earth

• d. Provides Earth with light and heat

17. All of the following are considered alternative energy sources EXCEPT –

• wind

• coal

• water

• solar

18. One of the advantages of alternative energy resources over fossil fuels is that alternative energy resources –

• A. Do not affect the environment

• b Have no cost to people who use them

• c. Are easily available everywhere on Earth

• d. Are renewable and so are less likely to run out.

19. What would be the best title for the second column on the chart below?

• A. Nonrenewable energy resources

• b. Alternative/Renewable energy resources

• c. Mechanical energy resources

• d. Chemical energy resources

20. Studying the fossils of a certain region is best for giving scientists evidence about which of the following characteristics of that area?

• A. The rates of weathering and erosion

• b. The type of environment long ago

• c. The number of earthquakes during the year

• d. The kind of climate in the future

21. In the rock layers below the Antarctic, a region currently covered in ice, scientists have discovered the remains of plants that usually live only in very warm climates. What is the most reasonable conclusion for scientists to draw from this evidence?

• A. The Antarctic will be covered in ice for millions of years.

• A. The climate in the Antarctic was very different in the past.

• A. These plant have adapted to live in the Antarctic.

• A. The Antarctic has daylight only six months of the year.

22. The chart below shows the kinds of fossils found in a certain region at different depths in the rock layers. The most recent environment, for which this sequence of fossils gives us evidence, was most likely what?

• ocean

• desert

• forest

• lake