Unit 7 Essential Vocabulary

The rapid transformation of the economy through the introduction of machines, new power sources, and new chemical processes in Europe and the United States between 1760 and 1830

• Technological Evolution
• Industrial Evolution
• Mechanical Revolution
• Industrial Revolution

The people in an industrial economy who depend on wage labor to obtain the necessities of life

• working class

• capitalist class

• middle class

• labor unions

People who own the means of production and pay the wages of workers

• working class

• capitalist class

• middle class

• labor unions

People who are either salaried professionals (such as lawyers, educators, and physicians) or office wage workers (such as bank tellers or store clerks)

• working class

• capitalist class

• middle class

• labor unions

Associations of workers in particular industries established to collectively bargain with capitalists

• working class

• capitalist class

• middle class

• labor unions

The machine manufacture of large quantities of identical products

• Mass production
• Individual production
• Single production
• Bulk production

A system of manufacturing in which parts and procedures are added one step at a time through a series of workstations until a finished product is assembled

• Assembly Line

• Progressive Assembly
• Step-by-Step Production
• Sequential Manufacturing

The purchase of large amounts of mass-produced goods by large numbers of people

• Consumerism
• Bulk buying
• Mass production
• Mass consumption

Industries that extract natural resources from the environment

• Secondary Sector

• Tertiary Sector

• Primary Sector

• Quaternary Sector

• Quinary Sector

Industries that process the raw materials extracted by primary industries, transforming them into finished, usable forms

• Secondary Sector

• Tertiary Sector

• Primary Sector

• Quaternary Sector

• Quinary Sector