Know these Statements about the Enlightenment. They will be on the exam as True / False

1. The Age of Enlightenment spanned c. 1700 to c. 1800, and is traditionally considered the beginning of the Modern Era. 2. Enlightenment thinkers in Britain, France, and throughout Europe questioned traditional authority and embraced the notion that humanity could be improved through rational change. 3. The Modern World dates from c. 1750 to c. 1980s, at which point the Post-Modern Era emerges.

1. Systemize, Categorize, and Analyze Knowledge 2. Belief in Reason as the primary source of authority and legitimacy 3. Distrust of Divine Revelation and religious authority 4. Development of ideals of liberty, progress, tolerance, fraternity, and constitutional government 5. Central ideas were personal liberty and religious tolerance, in opposition to Absolute Monarchy and the dogma of the Roman Catholic Church

1. Rejection of fluid, Baroque forms and a search for simple, expressive tectonics 2. Emphasis on bold horizontal profiles 3. Massing of elements in cubic and rectangular form 4. Emphasis on stereotomy, the cutting of stone

1. In the age of the Enlightenment the all-seeing eye stood for the clear gaze of reason. It could be interpreted 2 ways: 2. It symbolized the state and the law. The all-seeing eye was a symbol of vigilance, as in its use on the dollar bill — the all-seeing eye stands guard, ready to raise the alarm if anyone threatens democracy. 3. Post-modern philosopher Michel Foucault interpreted the all seeing eye as an intrusion of the Modern State, an intrusion that could intimidate. 4. According to Foucault the all-seeing eye could be interpreted as the oppressive psychological power

Know these 5 Main Characteristics of the Enlightenment. They will be on the exam as True / False

1. Systemize, Categorize, and Analyze Knowledge 2. Belief in Reason as the primary source of authority and legitimacy 3. Distrust of Divine Revelation and religious authority 4. Development of ideals of liberty, progress, tolerance, fraternity, and constitutional government 5. Central ideas were personal liberty and religious tolerance, in opposition to Absolute Monarchy and the dogma of the Roman Catholic Church

1. The Age of Enlightenment spanned c. 1700 to c. 1800, and is traditionally considered the beginning of the Modern Era. 2. Enlightenment thinkers in Britain, France, and throughout Europe questioned traditional authority and embraced the notion that humanity could be improved through rational change. 3. The Modern World dates from c. 1750 to c. 1980s, at which point the Post-Modern Era emerges.

1. Rejection of fluid, Baroque forms and a search for simple, expressive tectonics 2. Emphasis on bold horizontal profiles 3. Massing of elements in cubic and rectangular form 4. Emphasis on stereotomy, the cutting of stone

1. In the age of the Enlightenment the all-seeing eye stood for the clear gaze of reason. It could be interpreted 2 ways: 2. It symbolized the state and the law. The all-seeing eye was a symbol of vigilance, as in its use on the dollar bill — the all-seeing eye stands guard, ready to raise the alarm if anyone threatens democracy. 3. Post-modern philosopher Michel Foucault interpreted the all seeing eye as an intrusion of the Modern State, an intrusion that could intimidate. 4. According to Foucault the all-seeing eye could be interpreted as the oppressive psychological power

Know the Formal Characteristics of French Neo-Classicism THEY WILL BE ON THE EXAM as True / False

1. Rejection of fluid, Baroque forms and a search for simple, expressive tectonics 2. Emphasis on bold horizontal profiles 3. Massing of elements in cubic and rectangular form 4. Emphasis on stereotomy, the cutting of stone

1. The Age of Enlightenment spanned c. 1700 to c. 1800, and is traditionally considered the beginning of the Modern Era. 2. Enlightenment thinkers in Britain, France, and throughout Europe questioned traditional authority and embraced the notion that humanity could be improved through rational change. 3. The Modern World dates from c. 1750 to c. 1980s, at which point the Post-Modern Era emerges.

1. Systemize, Categorize, and Analyze Knowledge 2. Belief in Reason as the primary source of authority and legitimacy 3. Distrust of Divine Revelation and religious authority 4. Development of ideals of liberty, progress, tolerance, fraternity, and constitutional government 5. Central ideas were personal liberty and religious tolerance, in opposition to Absolute Monarchy and the dogma of the Roman Catholic Church

1. In the age of the Enlightenment the all-seeing eye stood for the clear gaze of reason. It could be interpreted 2 ways: 2. It symbolized the state and the law. The all-seeing eye was a symbol of vigilance, as in its use on the dollar bill — the all-seeing eye stands guard, ready to raise the alarm if anyone threatens democracy. 3. Post-modern philosopher Michel Foucault interpreted the all seeing eye as an intrusion of the Modern State, an intrusion that could intimidate. 4. According to Foucault the all-seeing eye could be interpreted as the oppressive psychological power

Know these statements about the Enlightenment’s All-seeing Eye They will be on the exam as True / False

1. In the age of the Enlightenment the all-seeing eye stood for the clear gaze of reason. It could be interpreted 2 ways: 2. It symbolized the state and the law. The all-seeing eye was a symbol of vigilance, as in its use on the dollar bill — the all-seeing eye stands guard, ready to raise the alarm if anyone threatens democracy. 3. Post-modern philosopher Michel Foucault interpreted the all seeing eye as an intrusion of the Modern State, an intrusion that could intimidate. 4. According to Foucault the all-seeing eye could be interpreted as the oppressive psychological power

1. The Age of Enlightenment spanned c. 1700 to c. 1800, and is traditionally considered the beginning of the Modern Era. 2. Enlightenment thinkers in Britain, France, and throughout Europe questioned traditional authority and embraced the notion that humanity could be improved through rational change. 3. The Modern World dates from c. 1750 to c. 1980s, at which point the Post-Modern Era emerges.

1. Systemize, Categorize, and Analyze Knowledge 2. Belief in Reason as the primary source of authority and legitimacy 3. Distrust of Divine Revelation and religious authority 4. Development of ideals of liberty, progress, tolerance, fraternity, and constitutional government 5. Central ideas were personal liberty and religious tolerance, in opposition to Absolute Monarchy and the dogma of the Roman Catholic Church

1. Rejection of fluid, Baroque forms and a search for simple, expressive tectonics 2. Emphasis on bold horizontal profiles 3. Massing of elements in cubic and rectangular form 4. Emphasis on stereotomy, the cutting of stone

Identify this image and explain its symbolism.

This is Laugier’s Frontispiece to Essay on Architecture ,1753. It shows the “Laugier’s Hut,” also known as “The Primitive Hut.” It promoted ‘back to basics’ architecture, and is a rejection of the Baroque. It sought to obscure architectural structure. The muse of architecture is resting her arm on the ruins of the Baroque column. As, she points to the “hut,” showing the ‘putti’, who represents the next generation of architects. That they need to ‘return to the basics’ of structural clarity.

The Director’s house at Chaux has rusticated columns. The house is composed of bold geometric volumes, a cube, a rectangular prism, a prism, and pyramidal roofs. These emphasize the mass of the building. All of this can be described as an aggressive show of authority and power. The whole composition is intimidating to the viewer/ worker. The building’s basic forms speak to this intent.

The Panopticon was used for Prisons, Hospitals, and Mental Institutions. In prisons, the guard was at the centergiving them views of all cells. Prisoners never knew when they were being watched and thus changed their behavior. The panopticon prison was an improvement over the pre Enlightenment purpose of imprisonment, which was punishment. The Enlightenment idea was that it would help rehabilitate offenders. Michel Foucault interprets it as coercive and intrusive of the State

The ancient building types have been used to meet the requirements of a new Enlightenment Institution, the Hospital. The entire building is based on the domus. The stoa added transparency to the building. The theatre is a place of learning. The apse of the basilica was no longer associated with religious authority but it’s the seat of scientific authority. Enlightenment focused on Reason and the Scientific Method. It showed Enlightenment emphasis on categorization, systematization, and rationalization as applied to the New Medicine.

Identify this building and explain it as an example of “architecture parlante.”

The Director’s house at Chaux has rusticated columns. The house is composed of bold geometric volumes, a cube, a rectangular prism, a prism, and pyramidal roofs. These emphasize the mass of the building. All of this can be described as an aggressive show of authority and power. The whole composition is intimidating to the viewer/ worker. The building’s basic forms speak to this intent.

This is Laugier’s Frontispiece to Essay on Architecture ,1753. It shows the “Laugier’s Hut,” also known as “The Primitive Hut.” It promoted ‘back to basics’ architecture, and is a rejection of the Baroque. It sought to obscure architectural structure. The muse of architecture is resting her arm on the ruins of the Baroque column. As, she points to the “hut,” showing the ‘putti’, who represents the next generation of architects. That they need to ‘return to the basics’ of structural clarity.

The Panopticon was used for Prisons, Hospitals, and Mental Institutions. In prisons, the guard was at the centergiving them views of all cells. Prisoners never knew when they were being watched and thus changed their behavior. The panopticon prison was an improvement over the pre Enlightenment purpose of imprisonment, which was punishment. The Enlightenment idea was that it would help rehabilitate offenders. Michel Foucault interprets it as coercive and intrusive of the State

The ancient building types have been used to meet the requirements of a new Enlightenment Institution, the Hospital. The entire building is based on the domus. The stoa added transparency to the building. The theatre is a place of learning. The apse of the basilica was no longer associated with religious authority but it’s the seat of scientific authority. Enlightenment focused on Reason and the Scientific Method. It showed Enlightenment emphasis on categorization, systematization, and rationalization as applied to the New Medicine.

Explain the Panopticon

The Panopticon was used for Prisons, Hospitals, and Mental Institutions. In prisons, the guard was at the centergiving them views of all cells. Prisoners never knew when they were being watched and thus changed their behavior. The panopticon prison was an improvement over the pre Enlightenment purpose of imprisonment, which was punishment. The Enlightenment idea was that it would help rehabilitate offenders. Michel Foucault interprets it as coercive and intrusive of the State

This is Laugier’s Frontispiece to Essay on Architecture ,1753. It shows the “Laugier’s Hut,” also known as “The Primitive Hut.” It promoted ‘back to basics’ architecture, and is a rejection of the Baroque. It sought to obscure architectural structure. The muse of architecture is resting her arm on the ruins of the Baroque column. As, she points to the “hut,” showing the ‘putti’, who represents the next generation of architects. That they need to ‘return to the basics’ of structural clarity.

The Director’s house at Chaux has rusticated columns. The house is composed of bold geometric volumes, a cube, a rectangular prism, a prism, and pyramidal roofs. These emphasize the mass of the building. All of this can be described as an aggressive show of authority and power. The whole composition is intimidating to the viewer/ worker. The building’s basic forms speak to this intent.

The ancient building types have been used to meet the requirements of a new Enlightenment Institution, the Hospital. The entire building is based on the domus. The stoa added transparency to the building. The theatre is a place of learning. The apse of the basilica was no longer associated with religious authority but it’s the seat of scientific authority. Enlightenment focused on Reason and the Scientific Method. It showed Enlightenment emphasis on categorization, systematization, and rationalization as applied to the New Medicine.

Explain the ancient building types used in the School of Surgery and how the School is a manifestation of the Enlightenment

The ancient building types have been used to meet the requirements of a new Enlightenment Institution, the Hospital. The entire building is based on the domus. The stoa added transparency to the building. The theatre is a place of learning. The apse of the basilica was no longer associated with religious authority but it’s the seat of scientific authority. Enlightenment focused on Reason and the Scientific Method. It showed Enlightenment emphasis on categorization, systematization, and rationalization as applied to the New Medicine.

This is Laugier’s Frontispiece to Essay on Architecture ,1753. It shows the “Laugier’s Hut,” also known as “The Primitive Hut.” It promoted ‘back to basics’ architecture, and is a rejection of the Baroque. It sought to obscure architectural structure. The muse of architecture is resting her arm on the ruins of the Baroque column. As, she points to the “hut,” showing the ‘putti’, who represents the next generation of architects. That they need to ‘return to the basics’ of structural clarity.

The Director’s house at Chaux has rusticated columns. The house is composed of bold geometric volumes, a cube, a rectangular prism, a prism, and pyramidal roofs. These emphasize the mass of the building. All of this can be described as an aggressive show of authority and power. The whole composition is intimidating to the viewer/ worker. The building’s basic forms speak to this intent.

The Panopticon was used for Prisons, Hospitals, and Mental Institutions. In prisons, the guard was at the centergiving them views of all cells. Prisoners never knew when they were being watched and thus changed their behavior. The panopticon prison was an improvement over the pre Enlightenment purpose of imprisonment, which was punishment. The Enlightenment idea was that it would help rehabilitate offenders. Michel Foucault interprets it as coercive and intrusive of the State

Explain what Ledoux meant when he described Chaux as a “Theatre of Production”

Ledoux called his plan for Chaux “A Theatre of Production.” In a typical theatre, the audience watches the actors on stage. In the plan of Chaux, the workers would seem to be the audience, and the Director and the Processing Sheds would seem to be the actors on the stage. In this case, at Chaux, the roles are reversed. The Director, who is ‘on stage’, is not observed, rather he is the director of the Production. Thus, this ancient building type is transformed in meaning and purpose. The plan of Chaux can be interpreted as a control mechanism that moderates and even determines human behavior.

The Director’s house at Chaux has rusticated columns. The house is composed of bold geometric volumes, a cube, a rectangular prism, a prism, and pyramidal roofs. These emphasize the mass of the building. All of this can be described as an aggressive show of authority and power. The whole composition is intimidating to the viewer/ worker. The building’s basic forms speak to this intent.

The Panopticon was used for Prisons, Hospitals, and Mental Institutions. In prisons, the guard was at the centergiving them views of all cells. Prisoners never knew when they were being watched and thus changed their behavior. The panopticon prison was an improvement over the pre Enlightenment purpose of imprisonment, which was punishment. The Enlightenment idea was that it would help rehabilitate offenders. Michel Foucault interprets it as coercive and intrusive of the State

The ancient building types have been used to meet the requirements of a new Enlightenment Institution, the Hospital. The entire building is based on the domus. The stoa added transparency to the building. The theatre is a place of learning. The apse of the basilica was no longer associated with religious authority but it’s the seat of scientific authority. Enlightenment focused on Reason and the Scientific Method. It showed Enlightenment emphasis on categorization, systematization, and rationalization as applied to the New Medicine.

ARCH 2315 Exam 3 Review

Authored by Anthony Aguilera

History

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29 questions

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Louvre, proposed elevation

Paris

1665

Gian Lorenzo Bernini

Louvre, East Elevation

Paris

1667

Claude Perrault

Newgate Prison

1770

London

George Dance

The Pantheon

(Ste. Genevieve)

1756

Paris

Jacque-Germain Soufflot

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Louvre, proposed elevation

Paris

1665

Gian Lorenzo Bernini

Louvre, East Elevation

Paris

1667

Claude Perrault

Newgate Prison

1770

London

George Dance

The Pantheon

(Ste. Genevieve)

1756

Paris

Jacque-Germain Soufflot

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Louvre, proposed elevation

Paris

1665

Gian Lorenzo Bernini

Louvre, East Elevation

Paris

1667

Claude Perrault

Newgate Prison

1770

London

George Dance

The Pantheon

(Ste. Genevieve)

1756

Paris

Jacque-Germain Soufflot

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Louvre, proposed elevation

Paris

1665

Gian Lorenzo Bernini

Louvre, East Elevation

Paris

1667

Claude Perrault

Newgate Prison

1770

London

George Dance

The Pantheon

(Ste. Genevieve)

1756

Paris

Jacque-Germain Soufflot

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Frontispiece (Laugier’s Primitive Hut)

“Essay on Architecture”

1753

Marc-Antoine Laugier

Hotel Soubise

Paris

1735

Germain Boffrand

School of Surgery, plan

Paris

1769

Jacques Gondoin

Newton’s Cenotaph (unbuilt)

1784

Étienne Boullée

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Frontispiece (Laugier’s Primitive Hut)

“Essay on Architecture”

1753

Marc-Antoine Laugier

Hotel Soubise

Paris

1735

Germain Boffrand

School of Surgery, plan

Paris

1769

Jacques Gondoin

Newton’s Cenotaph (unbuilt)

1784

Étienne Boullée

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

1 min • 1 pt

Frontispiece (Laugier’s Primitive Hut)

“Essay on Architecture”

1753

Marc-Antoine Laugier

Hotel Soubise

Paris

1735

Germain Boffrand

School of Surgery, plan

Paris

1769

Jacques Gondoin

Newton’s Cenotaph (unbuilt)

1784

Étienne Boullée

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