Piagetian Approaches to Cognitive Development

What is the focus of Stage 4 in the development of reading skills?

• Learn letter names and small words

• Learn letter names and sounds

• Read aloud with fluency

• Able to read and process information

What does the code-based approach to teaching reading emphasize?

• Immersion in literature

• Phonics

• Visual cortex organization

• Spoken language processing

According to the whole-language approach, how do children learn to read?

• By learning phonics

• By being immersed in literature

• By boosting visual cortex organization

• By improving spoken language processing

What is one of the changes that reading produces in the wiring of the brain?

• Decreases organization of the visual cortex

• Emphasizes phonics

• Boosts organization of the visual cortex

• Reduces processing of spoken language

What are the traditional three R's that schools in the United States are returning to?

• Respect, Responsibility, and Reasoning

• Reading, Writing, and Arithmetic

• Research, Reflection, and Recitation

• Recess, Recreation, and Rest

What are elementary schools in the United States emphasizing to assess student competence?

• Student participation

• Extracurricular activities

• Tests to assess student competence

• Peer evaluations

According to the trends in U.S. education, what demographic change is expected to occur over the next 50 years?

• The proportion of Hispanics will halve

• The proportion of Hispanics will remain the same

• The proportion of Hispanics will double

• The proportion of Hispanics will triple

What is an increasing concern for educators in the United States?

• Multicultural concerns

• Single-language instruction

• Decreasing student enrollment

• Technology in classrooms

According to the projections for the year 2050, which group's proportion in the population makeup of the United States is expected to decline?

• African American

• Hispanic

• White

• Asian

Which of the following groups is projected to increase in proportion by the year 2050 according to the population makeup of the United States?

• White

• African American

• Hispanic

• All of the above