Molecular Bio Test Practice

A frameshift mutation results from

• a. a base substitution only

• b. either an insertion or a deletion of one base

• c. a base insertion only

• d. deletion of three consecutive bases

A medical test indicates that a patient has a defective protein. This condition is most likely due to a change in the sequence of:

• a. Sugars in the DNA

• b. Nitrogen bases in the DNA

• c. Sugars in the protein

• d. Phosphate groups in the DNA

Which of the following is analogous (same as) to a frameshift mutation of the following original sentence: THE-CAT-ATE-THE-RAT

• a. THE-RAT-ATE-THE-CAT

• b. THE-TAC-ATE-THE-RAT

• c. THE-CAT-ARE-THE-RAT

• d. THE-CAT-ATT-HER-AT

• e. CAT-ATE-THE-RAT

The amount of thymine in an organism’s DNA always equals the amount of

• a. adenine

• b. cytosine

• c. uracil

• d. guanine

DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,

• a. each with two original strands.

• b. one with two new strands and the other with two original strands.

• c. each with two new strands.

• d. each with one new strand and one original strand.

Four different segments of a DNA molecule are represented below: Segment 1: T-A-G-G-C A-T-C-C-G Segment 2: G-G-T-G-A C-C-A-C-T Segment 3: G-A-T-T-A C-C-A-A-T Segment 4: C-A-A-T-G G-T-T-A-C There is an error in the DNA of which segment(s)?

• segment 3 only

• segment 2 and 4

• segment 1 only

• segment 2 and 3

Why is it possible for an amino acid to be specified by more than one kind of codon?

• Some codons have the same sequence of nucleotides.

• The codon AUG codes for the amino acid methionine and serves as the "start" codon for protein synthesis.

• There are 64 different kinds of codons but only 20 amino acids.

• Some codons do not specify an amino acid.

How many bases are needed to specify three amino acids?

• 9

• 3

• 12

• 6

Which of the following is a nucleotide found in DNA?

• ribose + phosphate group + uracil

• ribose + phosphate group + thymine

• deoxyribose + phosphate group + uracil

• deoxyribose + phosphate group + cytosine

How many main types of RNA are involved in the conversion of information from DNA to proteins?

• 1

• 3

• hundreds

• thousands