SNC2D - Science - Cancer and Cell Specialization

cancer is ​ (a)   cell growth

• uncontrolled
• controlled

as we age, the cell cycle does not work as efficiently and ​ (a)   are likely to happen

• errors
• improvements

during cell division, a normal cell will have ​ (a)   to ensure DNA has no errors and no excessive growth is taking place

• checkpoints
• no control

sometimes, cell's checkpoints fail and a cell will continue to divide ​ (a)  

• with errors
• much better

a mutation is a ​ (a)   change in the ​ (b)  

• random
• planned
• DNA
• mitochondria

during what stage of the cell cycle are mutations most likely to happen?

• S phase of the Interphase - the stage when DNA is replicated

• G1 phase of the Interphase - the stage when cells are growing

• G2 phase of the Interphase - the stage when the cell is preparing for the mitosis

• Mitosis phase of the cell cycle - when nucleus is divided

Answer explanation

Mutation is a random change in the DNA

can you describe the differences between normal and cancer cells?

Groups:

(a) normal cells

,

(b) cancer cells

• stick together to form masses of cells as appropriate

• self-distruct when they are too old or damaged

• reproduce for about 50-60 cell divisions

• do not stop reproducing

• may move to another location in the humain body

• behave independently

can you describe the differences between benign and malignant tumours?

Groups:

(a) benign

,

(b) malignant

• grows faster

• will not spread to other body parts

• can become quite large

• can spread to other body parts

metastasis is when malignant cells ​ (a)   the origianl tumour and establish another tumour elsewhere in the body

• break away from
• decide to stay in

the treatment of a metastatic tumor is ​ (a)   because each tumor may have a unique microenvironment and they might react ​ (b)   to the treatment

• more challenging
• easy
• differently
• exactly the same