Chapter 43, Part 2 Review

Which of the following electrolytes is not a cation?

• calcium

• chloride

• magnesium

• potassium

What is the most abundant cation in extracellular fluid?

• sodium

• chlorine

• potassium

• magnesium

What is the most abundant cation in intracellular fluid?

• sodium

• chlorine

• potassium

• magnesium

What is the most abundant anion in the extracellular fluid?

• bicarbonate

• chloride

• phosphate

• protein

Which large molecules are retained by the selectively permeable cell membrane?

• sodium ions

• potassium ions

• proteins

The major organ that balances sodium and potassium in the body is the:

• kidney

• pancreas

• small intestine

• large intestine

The ion with the least total concentration in body fluids is:

• chloride

• potassium

• calcium

• bicarbonate

The mechanism of action for aldosterone and the mechanism of action for ADH differ because ADH regulates water whereas aldosterone regulates:

• potassium

• chloride

• calcium

• sodium

An intravenous addition of sodium can be used to treat:

• hypokalemia

• hypernatremia

• hypnoatremia

• hyperkalemia

Potassium-rich foods can be used to treat:

• hypokalemia

• hypernatremia

• hyponatremia

• hyperkalemia