Lesson #5: Roman Social and Political Structure

What marked the transition of Rome from a kingdom to a republic?

• The founding of the city

• The overthrow of the last king

• The election of the first consul

• Julius Caesar's reign

How were early Roman kings selected?

• Election by the people

• By hereditary succession

• Through military conquest

• Random lottery

Who were considered citizens in the Roman Kingdom?

• All residents of Rome

• Male landowners only

• Both men and women landowners

• All free-born individuals

What distinguished patricians from plebeians in ancient Rome?

• Military rank

• Occupation

• Wealth only

• Family lineage

How did plebeians gain more power over time?

• By becoming wealthier

• Through military conquests

• By marrying into patrician families

• All of the above

What was a major foundation of Roman society that historians view negatively?

• Military conquest

• Slavery

• Democracy

• Agriculture

Who held most of the power in the Roman Republic?

• The emperor

• The consuls

• The plebeians

• The Senate

What was the role of the consuls in the Roman Republic?

• Managing trade

• Leading the army and running the government

• Religious ceremonies

• Judicial decisions

How were senators chosen in the early Roman Republic?

• By the king

• Elected by the people

• Inheritance

• By the consuls

What assembly was responsible for electing senior magistrates in the Roman Republic?

• The Senate

• The Plebeian Council

• The Tribal Assembly

• The Centuriate Assembly