Cognitive Psychology Final Review

Alyssa wants to be a psychologist but is unsure which topic within psychology most interests her. Which of the following topics would be LEAST likely to lead her into cognitive psychology?

• memory

• language

• Lyme's disease

• perception

To look within oneself and report on their own mental processes. This method is called

• self-reflection

• self-monitoring

• introspection

• mentalistic study

There are many reasons why modern psychologists have moved away from the classic form of behaviorism. One reason is because

• humans are more similar to computers than to other species studied in the laboratory

• classical behaviorism failed to consider the mental processes underlying cognition

• an organism’s behavior can be changed by learning

• psychology rejected behaviorism’s emphasis on an organism’s subjective states

Which of the following is a similarity between psychology and physics?

• All of the answers

• Both test their theories using the scientific method

• Both do not allow for direct observation of the causes of phenomena

• Both base their theories on objective, quantifiable data

Cognitive psychologists try to make inferences about causes, based on things they can observe. In this way, cognitive psychologists are most like

• chefs

• garbage collectors

• crime scene investigators

• construction workers

Introspection is considered the first step toward a science of cognitive psychology because

• it helped us learn about the subconscious

• interpretation of our mental lives doesn’t require training

• it was the first systematic attempt to observe and record the content of mental processes

• it provided testable claims

Cognitive psychology often relies on the transcendental method, in which

• mental events are explained by referring to events in the central nervous system

• information from introspection supplements behavioral data

• researchers seek to infer the properties of unseen events on the basis of the observable effects of those events

• those events

In cognition, as in other sciences, we first develop ________ and then ________ them.

• hypotheses; prove

• proofs; test

• hypotheses; test

• tests; prove

The phrase "fool me once, shame on you; fool me twice, shame on me" would not apply to H.M. Why?

• H.M. was able to learn when someone was lying to him.

• H.M. was never fooled.

• H.M. was unable to learn new things.

• H.M. values practical jokes

Which of the following statements is LEAST likely to apply to patient H.M.?

• "Even though he has encountered the nurse many times, he is still unable to recognize her."

• "He read this story last month, but he was still surprised by how the story turned out."

• "He has gradually adjusted over the last few months to the news of his uncle's death."

• "He cannot remember what he did earlier today, including events that took place just an hour ago."