Final Exam Review

Declare a double array called grocery_List. Make the array with a size of 30.

• double grocery_List[30];

• double grocery_List=30;

• grocery_List=30;

Answer explanation

When declaring an array, you do the following:

datatype arrayname[size of array]. For this example,

double grocery_List[30];

Use a loop to enter elements into the following array:

double grocery_List[30];

• scanf("%lf",&grocery_List);

• for (int i=0; i<=30; i++)

  {

  scanf("%lf", &grocery_List[i]);

  }

• for (int i=0; i<30; i++)

  {

  scanf("%lf", &grocery_List[i]);

  }

• for (int i=0; i<30; i++)

  {

  scanf("%lf", &grocery_List);

  }

Answer explanation

When entering elements into an array, you need to use a loop. The easiest loop to use with arrays are for loops. When you want to access a specific element within an array, you need to do the following:

arrayname[index].

Therefore, when we use a for loop to enter values within an array, we write the following:

for (int i=0; i<30; i++)

{

scanf("%lf", &grocery_List[i]);

}

When the loop runs the first time, we are adding a value into the first index of the array or grocery_List[0] because i=0. When we run the loop again, we enter the value into grocery_List[1] because i=1. This will continue for the entirety of the loop.

Write the function call for the following function prototype:

double total (double list[]);

• int main ()

  {

  double grocery_List[30];

  // code that enters values into the array

  total(grocery_List);

  return 0;

  }

• int main ()

  {

  double grocery_List[30];

  // code that enters values into the array

  double sale=total(grocery_List[30]);

  return 0;

  }

• int main ()

  {

  double grocery_List[30];

  // code that enters values into the array

  double total(grocery_List);

  return 0;

  }

• int main ()

  {

  double grocery_List[30];

  // code that enters values into the array

  double sale=total(grocery_List);

  return 0;

  }

Answer explanation

When you pass the entire array from the main function to the programmer defined function, you write the following:

sale=total(grocery_List);

//where sale was previously declared as a double datatype

Write a function definition that returns a double and accepts the following array from the main function:

double grocery_List[30]

Name the function: total

The function will calculate the total of the array.

• double total (double list[])

  {

  double sum=0.0;

  for (int i=0; i<30; i++){

  sum+=list;

  }

  return sum;

• double total (double list[])

  {

  double sum=0.0;

  for (int i=0; i<30; i++){

  sum+=list[i];

  }

  return sum;

• double total (double list[30])

  {

  double sum=0.0;

  for (int i=0; i<30; i++){

  sum+=list[i];

  }

  return sum;

• double total (double list[])

  {

  double sum=0.0;

  for (int i=0; i<=30; i++){

  sum+=list[i];

  }

  return sum;

Answer explanation

When we pass an array from the main function to a programmer defined function, we write the following:

returntype functionname (datatype arrayname[])

or

double total (double list[]).

When calculating the sum of the array, you need to use a loop.

When we are using a variable to store the sum, we need to initialize this variable to be 0 before we perform any calculations (0.0 if the answer is a double).

Write a definition of a struct type for the following prompt:

Create a struct to store employee information such as employee ID, position, and salary.

• struct employee{

  int employeeID;

  char position [100];

  double salary;

  };

• struct typedef{

  int employeeID;

  char position [100];

  double salary;

  } employees;

• typedef struct{

  int employeeID;

  char position [100];

  double salary;

  } employees;

• typedef employees{

  int employeeID;

  char position[100];

  double salary;

  };

Answer explanation

When we write a struct definition, we write it as follows:

typedef struct{

//fields of your struct

} structname;

Dr. Sorgente did introduce you to a different way of writing structs (C++). However, she has mentioned that you need to write them as stated above.

Declare employee1 as a part of the employee struct.

• typedef Struct{

  int employeeID;

  char position [100];

  double salary;

  } employees;

  employee1;

• int main ()

  {

  employees employee1;

  return 0;

  }

• int main ()

  {

  struct employee1

  return 0;

  }

• I don't know

Answer explanation

When we want to declare a variable as a part of the struct, we use the struct name as the "data type" for the variable. Therefore, if the struct name is employees, when we declare a variable, employee1, we say

employees employee1 within the main function.

Ask the user to enter the employeeID, the position of the employee, and the salary for the employee. Please use the following struct for reference:

typedef struct{

int employeeID;

char position [100];

double salary;

} employees;

• int main void(){

  employees employee1;

  scanf("%d", &employee1.employeeID);

  scanf("%s", employee1.position);

  scanf("%lf", &employee1. salary);

  }

• int main void(){

  scanf("%d", &employeeID);

  scanf("%s", position);

  scanf("%lf", &salary);

  }

• int main void(){

  employees employee1;

  scanf("%d", &employees.employeeID);

  scanf("%s", employees.position);

  scanf("%lf", &employees. salary);

  }

Answer explanation

When we are accessing different fields within the struct, we use the ".". For example, when we want to access employee1's ID, we say:

employee1.employeeID.

Since we previously declared employee1 to be a variable for the struct, employees, we will use employee1 and not employees.

Use the following struct and create an array to store 10 employee information.

typedef struct{

int employeeID;

char position [100];

double salary;

} employees;

• You do not need to declare an array as a struct is already an array.

• int main ()

  {

  employees [10];

  return 0;

  }

• int main ()

  {

  employees e[10];

  return 0;

  }

Answer explanation

When we declare an array to be used with a struct, we declare it as follows:

structname arrayname [array size].

With our example, we had a struct called employees. Therefore, you would declare the array as follows:

employees e[10];

What library do you need to include to access the following functions:

strcat

strcpy

strlen

• You do not need to add a library. These terms are a part of the c language.

• char.h

• stdio.h

• string.h

Declare a string called firstname.

• char firstname[100];

• string firstname;

• string firstname[100];

• char firstname;

Answer explanation

A string is a type of character array. Therefore, we declare a string as char stringname[string size].