Unit 7.3 MiSTAR Test Review (2024)

Which model below shows the relationship between the temperature of a substance and the kinetic energy (movement) of molecules.

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Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Using the model provided, select the best description that explains the relationship between the temperature of the water and the kinetic energy of molecules.

• The temperature represents the maximum amount of kinetic energy in a substance’s molecules. Kinetic energy of molecules decreases as temperature increases. So, the hot water has the slowest molecular motion, which we showed with the longest arrows. The cold water has the fastest molecular motion which we showed with the shortest arrows.

• The temperature represents the minimum kinetic energy of a substance’s molecules. Kinetic energy of molecules increases as temperature decreases. So, the hot water has the fastest molecular motion, which we showed with the shortest arrows. The cold water has the slowest molecular motion which we showed with the longest arrows.

• The temperature represents the average kinetic energy of a substance’s molecules. Kinetic energy of molecules decreases as temperature decreases. So, the hot water has the slowest molecular motion, which we showed with the shortest arrows. The cold water has the fastest molecular motion which we showed with the longest arrows.

• The temperature represents the average kinetic energy of a substance’s molecules. Kinetic energy of molecules increases as temperature increases. So, the hot water has the fastest molecular motion, which we showed with the longest arrows. The cold water has the slowest molecular motion which we showed with the shortest arrows.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

You take a cake out of the hot oven. The rate of thermal energy transfer between the cake pan and its surroundings depends on which of the following?

• temperature of the cake pan

• temperature of the air

• mass of the cake pan

• mass and temperature of the air and cake pan

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

You are investigating how adding different masses of metal washers to a cup of water affects the temperature of that water.

Cups 1 and 2 each contain the same amount of room temperature water at 22° C, with plenty of space to add more material.

You lower a different mass of metal washers into each cup. All washers are made of the same material and are at the same temperature, as shown.

To Cup 1, you add two cold washers.

To Cup 2, you add six cold washers.

You then measure the temperature of the water in each bucket.

Which bucket of water will have the greatest change in temperature and why?

• Cup 1 because you added more mass to Cup 1

• Cup 2 because you added more mass to Cup 2

• Cup 2 because more thermal energy will be transferred from the cold washers to the cup

• Cup 1 because there is less thermal energy transferring to the washers from the water.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Use the image to read through the investigation Mr. Alkire is planning to conduct. Once you have read through the details, answer the question below:

What is/are the independent variable(s) for this investigation?

There may be more than one answer.

• The amount of water in the containers.

• The location of the water and the thermometer in the classroom.

• The change in air temperature from initial to final measurement.

• The conduct all experiments under the same weather conditions.

• The initial water temperature.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Use the image to read through the investigation Mr. Alkire is planning to conduct. Once you have read through the details, answer the question below:

What is/are the dependent variable(s) for this investigation?

There may be more than one answer.

• The amount of water in the containers.

• The location of the water and the thermometer in the classroom.

• The change in air temperature from initial to final measurement.

• The conduct all experiments under the same weather conditions.

• The initial water temperature.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Use the image to read through the investigation Mr. Alkire is planning to conduct. Once you have read through the details, answer the question below:

What is/are the controlled variable(s) for this investigation?

There may be more than one answer.

• The amount of water in the containers.

• The location of the water and the thermometer in the classroom.

• The change in air temperature from initial to final measurement.

• The conduct all experiments under the same weather conditions.

• The initial water temperature.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Use the image to read through the investigation Mr. Alkire is planning to conduct. Once you have read through the details, answer the question below:

In order for thermal energy to transfer from the water to the classroom air, what initial temperature conditions are needed?

• The water in the container needs to be at a lower temperature than the air.

• The water in the container needs to be at the same temperature as the air.

• The water in the container needs to be at a higher temperature than the air.

• It does not matter what the initial temperatures are.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Use the image to read through the investigation Mr. Alkire is planning to conduct. Once you have read through the details, answer the question below:

If the temperature of the water in each container is the same, which container of water has the least amount of total thermal energy?

• 0 mL

• 200 mL

• 400 mL

• 600 mL

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Use the image to read through the investigation Mr. Alkire is planning to conduct. Once you have read through the details, answer the question below:

If the temperature of the water in each container is the same, which container of water has the greatest amount of total thermal energy?

• 0 mL

• 200 mL

• 400 mL

• 600 mL

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4