Understanding Pedigrees and Genetic Traits

What shape is used to represent females in a pedigree?

• Squares

• Triangles

• Hexagons

• Circles

What does a shaded symbol in a pedigree typically indicate?

• A dominant trait

• A carrier of a trait

• A non-inherited trait

• A recessive trait being tracked

If a trait is autosomal recessive, what chromosomes does it involve?

• Neither, it's not related to chromosomes

• Both autosomes and sex chromosomes

• Only sex chromosomes

• Only autosomes

For a recessive trait to be expressed, what must be true about the alleles?

• Two dominant alleles are present

• At least one recessive allele is present

• At least one dominant allele is present

• No dominant alleles are present

In a pedigree, what genotype would a carrier of a recessive trait have?

• EE

• ee

• eE

• Ee

How many siblings does the father have in the larger family pedigree example?

• Three

• Two

• None

• Four

What is the phenotype of the paternal grandfather in the larger family pedigree?

• Carrier of free earlobes

• Attached earlobes

• Cannot be determined

• Free earlobes

In a sex-linked recessive trait, what genotype does a female carrier have?

• XX

• XY

• XRXr

• XrY

What must be true for a child to inherit a recessive allele from a parent?

• Any of the above

• The parent must be homozygous recessive

• The parent must be homozygous dominant

• The parent must be a carrier

Why is understanding pedigrees important in genetics?

• To identify non-inherited traits

• To predict future traits

• To understand the inheritance of genetic disorders

• To create genetic modifications