January 2024 MC REGENTS EXAM

Which particles surround the nucleus of a neon atom?

• electrons

• positrons

• neutrons

• protons

Which conclusion was proposed as a result of an experiment during which some alpha particles were deflected while passing through a thin sheet of gold foil?

• Atoms are hard, indivisible spheres.

• Atoms have small, dense, positive nuclei.

• Atoms contain negatively charged particles.

• Atoms have electrons with wavelike properties.

The mass of each proton and each neutron is approximately equal to

• 1 g

• 1 u

• 1 l

• 1 mol

Which statement describes the relationship between two electrons in an atom of magnesium in the ground state?

• An electron in the first shell has the same amount of energy as an electron in the second shell.

• An electron in the first shell has a greater amount of energy than an electron in the second shell.

• An electron in the second shell has the same amount of energy as an electron in the third shell.

• An electron in the third shell has a greater amount of energy than an electron in the second shell.

As an atom in the ground state changes to an atom in an excited state, the atom

• absorbs energy

• releases energy

• increases in mass number

• decreases in mass number

Which statement describes a chemical property of copper?

• Copper has a red-orange color.

• Copper can be flattened into sheets.

• Copper reacts with oxygen.

• Copper conducts an electric current.

At STP, two forms of solid carbon, diamond and graphite, have different properties because

• diamond has a different percent composition than graphite

• diamond has more electrons per atom than graphite

• diamond has stronger hydrogen bonding than graphite

• diamond has a different crystal structure than graphite

Which element in Period 2 has the highest first ionization energy?

• boron

• lithium

• neon

• nitrogen

Which phrase describes a specific compound?

• can contain only one element

• can be physically separated into elements

• is composed of elements chemically combined in a definite ratio

• is composed of elements mixed in proportions that can vary

Which type of chemical formula shows the arrangement of the atoms in a molecule?

• empirical formula

• molecular formula

• general formula

• structural formula