Biology Terms Quiz List 2

What does selective permeability refer to in a biological membrane?

• The ability of the membrane to allow all substances to pass through.

• The ability of the membrane to prevent any substances from passing through.

• The ability of the membrane to allow some substances to pass through while blocking others.

• The ability of the membrane to change its permeability based on the environmental conditions.

What is passive transport in the context of cellular processes?

• The movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell.

• The movement of substances against the concentration gradient using cellular energy.

• The process by which cells actively consume substances.

• The process of moving substances into the cell using vesicles.

What distinguishes active transport from passive transport?

• Active transport does not require energy, while passive transport does.

• Active transport requires cellular energy to move substances against their concentration gradient, while passive transport does not.

• Active transport can only move substances out of the cell.

• There is no difference; they are terms for the same process.

What is a hypotonic solution?

• A solution with a higher concentration of solutes outside the cell, causing the cell to shrink.

• A solution with a lower concentration of solutes outside the cell, causing the cell to swell.

• A solution with the same concentration of solutes inside and outside the cell.

• A solution that prevents the movement of solutes across a membrane.

What characterizes a hypertonic solution?

• A solution where the concentration of solutes is lower inside the cell than outside, causing the cell to swell.

• A solution where the concentration of solutes is higher inside the cell than outside, causing the cell to shrink.

• A solution where the concentration of solutes is higher outside the cell than inside, causing the cell to shrink.

• A solution that has an equal concentration of solutes inside and outside the cell.

What does an isotonic solution mean for a cell?

• The cell will swell due to the higher concentration of solutes inside the cell.

• The cell will shrink due to the higher concentration of solutes outside the cell.

• The cell will neither swell nor shrink because the concentrations of solutes are equal inside and outside the cell.

• The cell will burst due to the equal concentration of solutes inside and outside the cell.

What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic processes?

• Aerobic processes require oxygen, while anaerobic processes do not.

• Anaerobic processes require oxygen, while aerobic processes do not.

• Aerobic processes produce less energy than anaerobic processes.

• There is no difference; both processes occur in the presence of oxygen.

What is mitosis?

• The division of a cell's nucleus into two genetically identical nuclei.

• The process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells with different genetic material.

• The replication of a cell's DNA without cell division.

• The division of a cell's cytoplasm into two separate cells.

What is cytokinesis?

• The division of the cell's nucleus.

• The replication of DNA within the cell.

• The process by which the cell's cytoplasm divides, creating two daughter cells.

• The movement of chromosomes during cell division.

Which of the following best describes the relationship between mitosis and cytokinesis?

• Mitosis and cytokinesis are unrelated processes that occur in different types of cells.

• Mitosis is the first step in cell division, followed by cytokinesis, which completes the process.

• Cytokinesis occurs before mitosis in the cell cycle.

• Mitosis involves the division of cytoplasm, while cytokinesis involves the division of the nucleus.