iGCSE Coastal landforms

What defines the area of a beach?

• The highest spring tide level

• The lowest neap tide level

• The lowest spring tide level to the highest storm wave point

• The highest neap tide level

Which type of beach is likely to have a gentler profile compared to a pebble beach?

• Sandy beach

• Exposed beach

• Storm beach

• Shingle beach

What characteristic distinguishes a storm beach?

• Strong swash and weak backwash

• Presence of large boulders and pebbles at the back of the beach

• Formation of ridge and runnels

• High beach height

What landform is an extended stretch of beach material that sticks out to sea and is joined to the mainland at one end?

• Ridge

• Spit

• Bar

• Dune

How do longshore drift and prevailing winds contribute to the formation of a spit?

• They deposit material perpendicular to the coast.

• They remove material from the beach.

• They transport material in a zig-zag manner along the coast

• They form a barrier island.

What landform is very similar to a spit but joins two headlands on either side of a bay?

• Barrier island

• Offshore bar

• Bay bar

• Sand dune

What characterizes offshore bars?

• They are formed by constructive waves.

• They are usually found deep underwater.

• They form parallel to the coast.

• They are made of boulders and large pebbles.

What type of beach landform forms at the top of a beach, above the reach of waves?

• Spit

• Bar

• Dune

• Storm beach

How are sand dunes formed?

• By longshore drift

• By storm surges

• By onshore winds depositing sand around objects

• By offshore bars depositing sand

What stabilizes sand dunes and promotes the formation of foredunes?

• Longshore drift

• Marram grass

• Embryo dunes

• Storm surges