Evolution of the Respiratory System

Why was diffusion not sufficient for larger organisms to obtain oxygen?

• It only worked in water

• It was too slow for their large bodies

• It required too much energy

• It was too complex to evolve

How does bulk flow complement diffusion in the respiratory system?

• By cooling the air

• By moving large volumes of air quickly

• By filtering the air

• By moistening the air

What role does the diaphragm play in breathing?

• It contracts and flattens to help inhale air

• It moistens the air

• It captures oxygen molecules

• It filters the air

How do the ribs contribute to the process of breathing?

• By filtering the air

• By moistening the air

• By moving to change lung volume

• By capturing oxygen molecules

What is the significance of the conducting zone in the respiratory system?

• It transports air to the lungs

• It exchanges gases

• It captures oxygen molecules

• It cools the air

Why is moisture important for the respiratory system?

• It helps in the diffusion of gases

• It prevents air from entering the system

• It cools the air

• It filters out particles

What evolutionary disadvantage is associated with the shared pathway for food and air in humans?

• It slows down digestion

• It increases the risk of choking

• It makes breathing more difficult

• It decreases oxygen intake

What is the primary function of the alveoli?

• To warm the air

• To moisten the air

• To filter out dust

• To exchange gases

During inhalation, the diaphragm contracts and moves in which direction?

• Upwards

• Downwards

• Sideways

• It does not move

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DOK Level 1: Recall

How does the body compensate for high altitude, where oxygen levels are lower?

• By decreasing the respiratory rate

• By increasing the number of red blood cells

• By reducing the heart rate

• By decreasing the production of surfactant

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking