Q3 Nonfiction and Poetry Review

What is the main, or central, idea of the passage?

Bison or Buffalo?

Bison and buffalo belong to the Bovidae, or cattle, family, but they are different species and have distinct characteristics. Many people refer to the creatures that once roamed the American West as buffalo; however, these animals are actually American bison, and they are only found in North America. On the other hand, two species of buffalo—the cape buffalo and the water buffalo—are found in Africa and Asia, respectively. Unlike the American bison, which has short horns similar to those of cows, buffalo have broad, sweeping horns. In addition, the American bison has a broad head carried low and a massive hump at the shoulders. In contrast, buffalo don't have shoulder humps and their heads are smaller than the bison's.

• Buffalo and American bison are both members of the Bovidae family.

• American bison can be distinguished from buffalo by the size and shape of their horns.

• American bison are often mistakenly called buffalo, but the two creatures are quite different.

Tags

CCSS.RI. 9-10.2

CCSS.RI.7.2

CCSS.RI.8.2

CCSS.RL.7.2

CCSS.RL.8.2

What is the main, or central, idea of the passage?

Two Kinds of Iron

The human body needs iron to produce hemoglobin, a substance that helps red blood cells transport oxygen. Without enough iron, a person may feel tired and weak. Dietary sources of iron include plant sources, such as vegetables and beans, and animal foods, including poultry, red meat, and fish. However, plant and animal sources are not equal. The iron in plants, called nonheme iron, is not easily absorbed by the human digestive system. For example, a half cup of cooked spinach contains a healthy dose of over three milligrams of iron. Unfortunately, only five percent of that iron can be used by the body. On the other hand, the iron in animal foods, called heme iron, is better utilized. Heme iron is contained within a ring of protein, which helps the body to absorb it easily.

• Heme iron, found in meat and fish, is easily absorbed by the human body.

• Plant and animal food sources both contain iron, which helps red blood cells carry oxygen throughout the body.

• Plant and animal food sources both contain iron, but the iron in animal foods is more accessible to the body.

Tags

CCSS.RI.7.2

CCSS.RI.8.2

CCSS.RL.7.2

CCSS.RL.8.2

CCSS.RL.9-10.2

What does the metaphor in this text suggest? "Let us be grateful to people who make us happy; they are the charming gardeners who make our souls blossom." —Marcel Proust

• People who cultivate beautiful gardens make us happy.

• People nourish our souls when they make us happy.

Tags

CCSS.RL.2.6

CCSS.RL.8.3

What does the simile in this text suggest? Ellie rubbed coconut oil on her hands, which were like the parched earth during a drought.

• Ellie's hands were hot.

• Ellie's hands were dry and cracked.

Tags

CCSS.RI.5.5

CCSS.RI.6.5

CCSS.RI.7.5

CCSS.RI.8.5

CCSS.RI.9-10.5

Which figure of speech is used in this text? He clasps the crag with crooked hands; Close to the sun in lonely lands . . . —Alfred, Lord Tennyson, "The Eagle"

• onomatopoeia

• alliteration

Tags

CCSS.RL.7.4

CCSS.RL.8.10

CCSS.RL.8.4

CCSS.RL.8.5

CCSS.RL.9-10.10

Which figure of speech is used in this text? The water made a sound like kittens lapping. —Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings, The Yearling

• metaphor

• simile

Tags

CCSS.RL.5.5

CCSS.RL.6.3

CCSS.RL.7.3

CCSS.RL.8.3

CCSS.RL.9-10.3

Review the passage. The hyperbole is shown in bold. What is the effect of the hyperbole on the passage's meaning or tone?

In a time without film or television or recorded music, live performances provided the only opportunity for people to hear and appreciate music. What we now call "classical" music was an art form that was enormously important in lives of the privileged and unfortunate alike, and composers like Beethoven often were seen as little less than gods. Newspapers wrote obsessively about musicians and composers, and huge crowds gathered outside concert halls when a new work was being performed.

From Russell Martin and Lydia Nibley, The Mysteries of Beethoven's Hair. Copyright 2009 by Russell Martin and Lydia Nibley.

• It implies that composers were knowledgeable.

• It implies that composers were controlling.

• It implies that composers were held in high regard.

Tags

CCSS.RI.7.4

CCSS.RI.8.4

CCSS.RI.9-10.4

CCSS.RL.7.4

CCSS.RL.8.4

Review the passage. The simile is shown in bold. What is the effect of the simile on the passage's meaning or tone?

The desire to express myself grew. The few signs I used became less and less adequate, and my failures to make myself understood were always followed by outbursts of passion. I felt as if invisible hands were holding me, and I made frantic efforts to free myself. I struggled—not that struggling helped matters, but the feeling of resistance was strong within me. I generally broke down in tears and physical exhaustion.

From Helen Keller, The Story of My Life.

• It creates a feeling of togetherness.

• It creates a feeling of being comforted.

• It creates a feeling of being trapped.

Tags

CCSS.RI.11-12.5

CCSS.RI.6.5

CCSS.RI.7.5

CCSS.RI.8.5

CCSS.RI.9-10.5

Select the definition of "industry" that the sentence uses: "Isabella now owns a restaurant, but she began her career in the food industry as a server."

• manufacturing activity as a whole

• businesses that provide a particular product or service

• hard or steady work or effort

• the study or work associated with a certain subject or author

Tags

CCSS.RI.7.4

CCSS.RI.8.4

CCSS.RL.7.4

CCSS.RL.8.4

CCSS.RL.9-10.4

Select the definition of "capitalize" that the sentence uses: "To help fund their retirement, the Shermans capitalized the farm property they no longer used."

• to write or print using a capital letter

• to gain an advantage from something

• to supply money for development

• to convert into money

Tags

CCSS.RI.7.4

CCSS.RI.8.4

CCSS.RL.7.4

CCSS.RL.8.4

CCSS.RL.9-10.4