CT: Inductive and deductive Quiz

When is an argument valid?

• If the conclusion is always true

• If it is impossible for the conclusion to be false when the premises are true

• If the conclusion is false when the premises are true

• If the premises are false

Can an argument that has all false statements be valid?

• Yes

• No

• Not sure

• It depends

Provide an example of an argument with one false premise and a true conclusion.

• Most children of working mothers are stubborn

• Raj Kapoor is the father of Randhir Kapoor

• All swans are white

• If Kolkata Knight Riders win the IPL then Shah Rukh Khan will be happy

What is a deductive argument?

• An argument with no conclusion

• An argument where the conclusion is guaranteed to be true if the premises are true

• An argument based on probability

• An argument with false premises

What are the two key features of a deductive argument?

• Premises may or may not lead to the conclusion

• Premises guarantee the conclusion and the conclusion is probable

• Premises are always false

• Premises guarantee the conclusion and the conclusion is always true

What is the relation between the premises and the conclusion of a valid deductive argument?

• The conclusion is contained within the premises

• The conclusion is false if the premises are true

• The premises are false if the conclusion is true

• The conclusion is unrelated to the premises

When is a deductive argument sound? Can you give an example of such an argument?

• When the premises are false, for example, All swans are white

• When the premises guarantee the conclusion and have true premises and conclusion, for example, Raj Kapoor is the father of Randhir Kapoor

• When the conclusion is always true

• When the premises are unrelated to the conclusion

Explain with the help of an example what an inductive analogy is.

• I had a Sony sound system earlier on. It had a great sound box and excellent equaliser.

• If Kolkata Knight Riders win the IPL then Shah Rukh Khan will be happy

• All swans are white

• Most children of working mothers are stubborn

Explain with the help of an example what an enumerative inductive generalisation is.

• All the swans I have seen in my life are white

• If Kolkata Knight Riders win the IPL then Shah Rukh Khan will be happy

• Most children of working mothers are stubborn

• All swans are white

Explain with the help of an example what a restricted enumerative inductive generalisation is.

• All swans I have seen in my life are white

• If Kolkata Knight Riders win the IPL then Shah Rukh Khan will be happy

• Most children of working mothers are stubborn

• All swans are white