Genetic Drift

What does allele frequency refer to in a gene pool?

• The number of genes in the pool

• The number of times an allele occurs in a gene pool, compared to the total number of alleles in that pool for the same gene

• The total number of alleles for all genes in the pool

• The percentage of genes that are homozygous for a given allele

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What is genetic drift?

• A) A predictable change in allele frequency due to natural selection

• B) A random change in allele frequency

• C) The transfer of alleles from one population to another

• D) A change in allele frequency due to mutation

In which type of populations does genetic drift usually occur?

• A) Large populations with stable allele frequencies

• B) Small populations

• C) Populations with high mutation rates

• D) Populations undergoing natural selection

What is the bottleneck effect in the context of genetic change in populations?

• An increase in genetic diversity due to mutation

• A change in allele frequency following a dramatic increase in the size of a population

• A change in allele frequency following a dramatic reduction in the size of a population

• The introduction of new alleles into a population through migration

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What can cause a population's gene pool to contain different gene frequencies from the original gene pool?

• Consistent population size over time

• A disaster that kills many individuals in a population

• Random mating within a population

• No change in the environment

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What occurs when allele frequencies change as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population?

• Natural selection

• Genetic drift

• The bottleneck effect

• The founder effect

What does the Founder Effect refer to in the context of evolution and genetic change in populations?

• The effect of natural selection on a large, diverse population

• The genetic drift that occurs when a new population is established by a very small number of individuals from a larger population

• The increase in genetic mutations when a population size becomes too large

• The process by which a new species is created from an existing species

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What is a population in genetic equilibrium?

• A) A population where allele frequencies change and the population evolves.

• B) A population where allele frequencies in the population remain the same and the population does not evolve.

• C) A population that has an excess of mutations leading to rapid evolution.

• D) A population that is isolated from other populations and evolves differently.