Paragraph Structure

Robots are being used in sumo wrestling contests. Sumo wrestling is a sport that started in Japan.

It takes place in a ring. Two players try to score points by holding each other down or pushing each

other out of the ring. Robot sumo uses robots instead of humans. The robot that scores the most

points wins.

Which of the following is a supporting detail of this paragraph?

• Robots are being used in sumo wrestling contests.

• Robot sumo contests are better than human sumo contests.

• Robot sumo uses robots instead of humans.

• Watching robot sumo is boring.

Which of the following best describes a topic sentence?

• A sentence that provides a summary of the paragraph.

• A sentence that introduces the main idea of the paragraph.

• A sentence that offers a concluding thought at the end of the paragraph.

• A sentence that provides a detailed example to support the paragraph's main idea.

What is the role of supporting details in a paragraph?

• To introduce new topics unrelated to the main idea.

• To provide evidence, examples, or explanations that reinforce the main idea.

• To offer a counterargument to the main idea.

• To transition to the next paragraph.

Which of the following is NOT a purpose of transitions between paragraphs?

• To signal a shift to a new idea or topic.

• To provide a summary of the previous paragraph.

• To contradict the main idea of the previous paragraph.

• To create a logical flow from one idea to the next.

Identify the topic sentence in the following paragraph: "Many animals have unique ways of communicating. For example, dolphins use a complex system of clicks and whistles to talk to each other. Bees perform a 'waggle dance' to tell other bees where to find food. Even prairie dogs have a sophisticated system of high-pitched barks to alert the colony to the presence of predators."

• For example, dolphins use a complex system of clicks and whistles to talk to each other.

• Many animals have unique ways of communicating.

• Bees perform a 'waggle dance' to tell other bees where to find food.

• Even prairie dogs have a sophisticated system of high-pitched barks to alert the colony to the presence of predators.

Which of the following best exemplifies a supporting detail?

• A general statement about the importance of education.

• A statistic showing the percentage of graduates who find employment in their field of study.

• A question posed to the reader about their personal educational goals.

• A concluding sentence that encourages the reader to value lifelong learning.

How can transitions between paragraphs help in understanding the text?

• By repeating information from the previous paragraph.

• By providing a list of unrelated facts.

• By indicating how paragraphs are connected and the direction the text is taking.

• By introducing completely new topics without connecting them to the text.

Evaluate the organization of the following paragraph: "The benefits of regular exercise are numerous. It can help reduce the risk of chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and cancer. Exercise also improves mental health, boosting mood and reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety. Furthermore, it enhances physical strength and endurance, making daily activities easier to perform."

• The paragraph is poorly organized because it introduces unrelated ideas.

• The paragraph is well-organized, with each sentence providing a different benefit of regular exercise.

• The paragraph lacks a clear topic sentence to introduce the main idea.

• The paragraph is organized in reverse order, starting with specific details and ending with the main idea.

Which of the following sentences would be an effective transition between two paragraphs discussing the impact of technology on society?

• "In addition to the social changes, technology has drastically altered the employment landscape."

• "Technology, while important, is not the only factor influencing modern life."

• "Many people believe that technology has only positive effects on society."

• "The history of technology dates back thousands of years."

What is an indicator that a paragraph might be poorly organized?

• The paragraph includes a clear topic sentence.

• Supporting details are directly related to the topic sentence.

• Ideas jump randomly without clear connections or transitions.

• The concluding sentence reinforces the main idea introduced by the topic sentence.