FORM FOUR

1. What is the basis of separation of different DNA

fragments by gel electrophoresis?

• a. The size of DNA fragments

• b. The positive charge on DNA

• c. The sequence of the fragments

• d. The presence of a dye

2. Which of the following statements is accurate for DNA replication in your cells, but not PCR?

• a. Ligase is essential.

• b. DNA polymerase is stable at high temperatures.

• c. DNA primers are required.

• d. dNTPs are necessary

3. Why is the polymerase chain reaction used?

• a. to separate DNA

• b. to cut DNA

• c. to ligate DNA

• d. to amplify DNA

4. What is the term used for inserting a healthy copy of a gene into a person who has a defective gene?

• a. Cloning vector

• b. Recombinant DNA

• c. Gene therapy

• d. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

5. Which of the following is used to cut DNA molecules in specific locations?

• a. Cloning vectors

• b. Restriction enzymes

• c. Cloning enzymes

• d. Polymerase chain reaction

6. For what purpose is DNA fingerprinting is used?

• a. to sequence DNA from bacteria

• b.to identify individuals who have committed crimes

• c. to separate DNA fragments

• d. to identify single nucleotide polymorphism

Define Genetic engineering

Answer explanation

Genetic engineering is the direct manipulation of an organism’s genes using biotechnology.

8. Outline the different applications of biotechnology

Answer explanation

1. Medical applications

2. Industrial applications

3. Environmental applications

4. Agricultural applications

5. Forensic applications

9.Distinguish between proteomics and genomics.

Answer explanation

Genomics is the study of an organism’s genome.

Proteomics is the large-scale study and cataloging of

the structure and function of proteins in human body.