Quiz about Psyc 210 E3 Review

Question 1

Why can't multiple t tests be run when there are more than 2 levels?

Accepted Answer

the probability of making a type I error in one of the test increases

Answer

the probability of making a type II error in one of the test increases

Answer

degrees of freedom are lost

Answer

it becomes more difficult to reject the null hypothesis

Question 2

How is the F ratio calculated?

Accepted Answer

dividing a measure of between-groups variability by a measure of within-groups variability

Answer

squaring all the scores

Answer

averaging the results from the t test for all possible two-group comparisons

Answer

dividing a measure of within-groups variability by a measure of between-groups variability

Question 3

ANOVA is used when...

Accepted Answer

given a scale dependent variable and a nominal independent variable with three or more levels

Answer

we know the population standard deviation

Answer

when we do not know the population standard deviation

Answer

when we can use categorical data

Question 4

What are the assumptions of ANOVA?

Accepted Answer

random selection of all samples

Accepted Answer

homoscedasticity

Accepted Answer

normally distributed sample

Answer

independent variable has only three levels

Question 5

An F statistic calculated on 4 and 45 degrees of freedom equals 3.62. Which decision should be made about a hypothesis tested at the p = 0.01 level?

Accepted Answer

fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude there are no significant differences among the groups

Answer

fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude there are differences among the groups

Answer

reject the null hypothesis and conclude there are differences among the groups

Answer

reject the null hypothesis and conclude there are no significant differences among the groups

Question 6

How do you calculate Bonferroni?

Accepted Answer

divide desired significance level by the number of comparisons being made

Answer

find the true significant difference

Answer

determine the amount of difference you should have between each of your means based on a p levels of 0.01

Answer

divide desired significance level by two and use the result as the p level for each comparison

Question 7

Repeated measures ANOVA is also known as...

Accepted Answer

a one way within-groups ANOVA

Answer

single samples

Answer

multiple groups

Answer

a one way between-groups ANOVA

Question 8

A two-way ANOVA includes is used when there is(are) ____ independent variable(s) with ___ dependent variable

Accepted Answer

2; scale

Answer

1; scale

Answer

1; discrete

Answer

2; discrete

Question 9

What is an additional assumption of a repeated measures ANOVA?

Accepted Answer

order effects

Answer

random sampling

Answer

sample size

Answer

mean differences

Question 10

Post hoc tests are required to...

Accepted Answer

assess where the significant differences exist among groups

Answer

assess the power of the statistical analysis

Answer

assess whether the significant differences found are large enough to matter

Answer

assess the number of subjects needed to correctly reject the null hypothesis

Question 11

What are WEIRD samples?

Accepted Answer

western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic

Answer

white, educated, intelligent, radiant, and democratic

Answer

white, emotional, industrialized, rich, and delightful

Answer

western, educated, intelligent, resourceful, and democratic

Question 12

When does an interaction effect occur?

Accepted Answer

effects of one IV depend on the level of the other IV

Answer

two or more IV do not have an effect on the DV in combination with each other

Answer

two or less IV have an effect on the DV in combination with each other

Answer

two IVs both influence the DV

Question 13

A hypothesis test including one nominal variable with more than two levels and a scale dependent variable is a(n):

Accepted Answer

one way ANOVA

Answer

two way ANOVA

Answer

mixed ANOVA

Answer

within groups ANOVA

Question 14

I want to test runner's performance and type of shoe. I have three types running shoes (Nike, HOKA, and Brooks) and all my participants wear all three types of shoes. I time them and measure their heart rate during each race. What type of ANOVA is this?

Accepted Answer

2 x 3 within groups ANOVA

Answer

4 x 2 between groups ANOVA

Answer

2 x 3 between groups ANOVA

Answer

2 x 2 within groups ANOVA

Question 15

A main effect is ___ whereas interactions are ____

Accepted Answer

effect of a single IV on the DV, disregarding all other variables; effects of one IV depend on the level of the other IV

Answer

combined effects of two DV; combined effects of two IV

Answer

combined effects of two IV, combined effects of two DV

Answer

effects of one IV depend on the level of the other IV; effect of a single IV on the DV, disregarding all other variables

Question 16

Which statement best describes the interaction?

Accepted Answer

men did not like chocolate as much as women, but men did like strawberry and vanilla more than women

Answer

women did not like chocolate as much as men, but women did like strawberry and vanilla more than men

Answer

men and women both equally like all icecream flavors

Answer

there's no interaction among gender and icecream flavors

Question 17

How many null hypotheses does a researcher have to take into account when making a decision when using a two-way ANOVA?

Accepted Answer

three seperate

Answer

two separate

Answer

two interdependent

Answer

three interdependent

Question 18

What ANOVA is a design that includes both within-groups factors and between-groups factors?

Accepted Answer

mixed design

Answer

two-way analysis of variance

Answer

multivariate analysis

Answer

analysis of variance

Question 19

A negative correlation between sleep and tiredness indicates that...

Accepted Answer

the more you sleep, the less tired you will feel

Answer

the less you sleep, the less tired you will feel

Answer

there won't be a correlation between the two

Answer

the more you sleep, the more tired you will feel

Question 20

What kind of correlation is this?

Accepted Answer

negative

Answer

positive

Answer

perfect positive

Answer

no correlation

Question 21

The correlation coefficient between number of hours students spend studying and their exam scores is 0.78. Which statement regarding this statement is correct?

Accepted Answer

if you study more, you are more likely to do well on the exam

Answer

if you study more, you are less likely to do well on the exam

Answer

there is no casual relationship between the two variables

Answer

there is a 78% chance you will pass the exam

Question 22

Which of the following demonstrates the strongest relationship between two variables?

Accepted Answer

-0.83

Answer

0.04

Answer

0.32

Answer

-0.51

Question 23

According to Cohen (1988), a correlation of .30 would be considered...

Accepted Answer

medium

Answer

small

Answer

large

Answer

very large

Question 24

What should be done before calculating a correlation coefficient?

Accepted Answer

create a scatterplot

Answer

create a line graph

Answer

create a histogram

Answer

create a polygon

Question 25

What does the null hypothesis state between two variables when conducting a test for Pearson's r?

Accepted Answer

no correlation

Answer

positive correlation

Answer

negative correlation

Answer

could be positive or negative

Question 26

What is a partial correlation?

Accepted Answer

quantifies the association between two variables after taking into account for the possible association of a third variable shared by both

Answer

test's reliability can be estimated by dividing it into two halves and comparing the scores of each half, assuming that both halves measure the same underlying construct

Answer

the degree of correlation between a new test or measure and an established test or measure that assesses the same construct, typically assessed at the same time

Answer

a statistical measure used to assess the internal consistency or reliability of a scale or test, indicating how closely related a set of items are as a group

Question 27

Reliability is to ____ as validity is to ____

Accepted Answer

consistency; measures what it's intended to measure

Answer

measures what it's intended to measure; consistency

Question 28

Correlation is to ___ as regression is to ___

Accepted Answer

relation; predicition

Answer

association; causation

Answer

causation; association

Answer

predication; relation

Question 29

What can regression do?

Accepted Answer

provide specific quantitative predictions that help explain among variables

Answer

provide stronger evidence for association than does correlation

Answer

predict people's behaviors on variables that seem impossible to measure

Answer

serve as a substitute for a good experimental design

Question 30

Y is the symbol for _____

Accepted Answer

observed score on the DV

Answer

predicted score on the IV

Answer

observed score on the IV

Answer

predicted score on the DV

Question 31

What is regression to the mean?

Accepted Answer

tendency of scores that are particularly high or low to drift toward the mean over time

Answer

minimizes error in predicting scores on the DV

Answer

standard deviation of the data points around the regression line

Answer

amount of error made in random selection

Question 32

What does the regression line represent?

Accepted Answer

minimizes the error in predicting scores on the DV

Answer

minimizes the correlation coefficient

Answer

minimizes error in predicting scores on the IV

Answer

the mean of the DV

Question 33

Standard error of the estimate can be thought of as...

Accepted Answer

standard deviation of the data points around the regression line

Answer

amount of error made in random selection

Answer

standard deviation of the IV on the regression line

Answer

standard deviation of the DV

Question 34

What does the proportionate reduction in error measure?

Accepted Answer

amount of variance in the DV explained by the IV

Answer

slope of a regression line

Answer

correlation between two variables

Answer

amount of variance in the IV explained by the DV

Question 35

I want to predict runners race time based on two factors: their age and the number of miles they train per week. I collect data from several runners, recording their age, weekly training miles, and their race times. Which technique would be most appropriate to make this prediction?

Accepted Answer

multiple regression

Answer

simple linear regression

Answer

proportionate reduction in error

Answer

standardized regression coefficient

Question 36

Non parametric tests are used when...

Accepted Answer

the dependent variable is nominal

Accepted Answer

the dependent variable is ordinal

Accepted Answer

when sample size is small and the population distribution might be skewed

Answer

the dependent variable is scale

Question 37

For one nominal variable, what chi-square test would you use?

Accepted Answer

goodness of fit

Answer

independence

Answer

dissociation

Answer

orthogonality

Question 38

The values in the cell of a chi-square test for goodness of fit are:

Accepted Answer

counts or frequencies

Answer

means

Answer

medians

Answer

proportions

Question 39

If an adjusted standardized residual is ____ than 2.0, the observed frequency in that cell differs significantly from the expected frequency

Accepted Answer

larger

Answer

smaller

Answer

the same as

Answer

it could be any of the above

Question 40

When graphing chi-square results, how should I graph my results?

Accepted Answer

proportions or percentages

Answer

frequencies or means

Answer

frequencies or proportions

Answer

conditional proportions or frequencies

Question 41

What test has the following characteristics: nominal independent variable, scale dependent variable, one independent variable, two groups (or levels), two samples, and is a within groups design

Accepted Answer

paired samples t test

Answer

independent samples t test

Answer

z test

Answer

single samples t test

Question 42

What design has more than one dependent variable?

Accepted Answer

MANCOVA

Answer

ANCOVA

Answer

ANOVA

Answer

two way ANOVA

Question 43

If I want to predict something, which statistical test should I use?

Accepted Answer

regression

Answer

chi square test for goodness of fit

Answer

Pearson's r

Answer

one way between groups ANOVA

Question 44

I want to explore the effect of different teaching methods on student's test scores. I would separate the student into three separate groups, each taught one of the three methods, and then compare their test scores to see if there is a significant difference in performance based on teaching method. What statistical test should I use?

Accepted Answer

one way between groups ANOVA

Answer

factorial ANOVA

Answer

independent samples t test

Answer

one way within groups ANOVA

Question 45

What is the format for reporting scientific results?

Accepted Answer

IMRAD

Answer

WEIRD

Answer

APA

Answer

MLA

Question 46

What section of the research paper does the research provide information regarding the results, implications, relates them to previous research, and suggests future directions for research?

Accepted Answer

results

Answer

introduction

Answer

methods

Answer

analysis

Question 47

Which of the following are parts of the results section of a research paper?

Accepted Answer

tables and figures

Accepted Answer

summary statistics

Accepted Answer

results of hypothesis testing

Answer

psychometrics for the measures used

Psyc 210 E3 Review

53 questions

Why can't multiple t tests be run when there are more than 2 levels?

How is the F ratio calculated?

ANOVA is used when...

What are the assumptions of ANOVA?

An F statistic calculated on 4 and 45 degrees of freedom equals 3.62. Which decision should be made about a hypothesis tested at the p = 0.01 level?

What is R² for these data?

What is an example of a post hoc test?

How do you calculate Bonferroni?

Repeated measures ANOVA is also known as...

A two-way ANOVA includes is used when there is(are) __ independent variable(s) with _ dependent variable

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