AWS Solutions Architect Quiz

A company has a website hosted on AWS. The website is behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) that is configured to handle HTTP and HTTPS separately. The company wants to forward all requests to the website so that the requests will use HTTPS. What should a solutions architect do to meet this requirement?

• Update the ALB's network ACL to accept only HTTPS traffic

• Create a rule that replaces the HTTP in the URL with HTTPS.

• Create a listener rule on the ALB to redirect HTTP traffic to HTTPS.

• Replace the ALB with a Network Load Balancer configured to use Server Name Indication (SNI).

A company is developing a two-tier web application on AWS. The company's developers have deployed the application on an Amazon EC2 instance that connects directly to a backend Amazon RDS database. The company must not hardcode database credentials in the application. The company must also implement a solution to automatically rotate the database credentials on a regular basis. Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

• Store the database credentials in the instance metadata.

• Use Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) rules to run a scheduled AWS Lambda function that updates the RDS credentials and instance metadata at the same time.

• Store the database credentials as a secret in AWS Secrets Manager and use versioning to ensure the ability to fall back to previous values.

• Store the database credentials as encrypted parameters in AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store.

A company is deploying a new public web application to AWS. The application will run behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The application needs to be encrypted at the edge with an SSL/TLS certificate that is issued by an external certificate authority (CA). The certificate must be rotated each year before the certificate expires. What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?

• Use AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) to issue an SSL/TLS certificate. Apply the certificate to the ALB. Use the managed renewal feature to automatically rotate the certificate.

• Use AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) to issue an SSL/TLS certificate. Import the key material from the certificate. Apply the certificate to the ALB. Use the managed renewal feature to automatically rotate the certificate.

• Use AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) Private Certificate Authority to issue an SSL/TLS certificate from the root CA. Apply the certificate to the ALB. Use the managed renewal feature to automatically rotate the certificate.

• Use AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) to import an SSL/TLS certificate. Apply the certificate to the ALB. Use Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) to send a notification when the certificate is nearing expiration. Rotate the certificate manually.

A company runs its infrastructure on AWS and has a registered base of 700,000 users for its document management application. The company intends to create a product that converts large .pdf files to .jpg image files. The .pdf files average 5 MB in size. The company needs to store the original files and the converted files. A solutions architect must design a scalable solution to accommodate demand that will grow rapidly over time. Which solution meets these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

• Save the .pdf files to Amazon S3. Configure an S3 PUT event to invoke an AWS Lambda function to convert the files to .jpg format and store them back in Amazon S3.

• Save the .pdf files to Amazon DynamoDB. Use the DynamoDB Streams feature to invoke an AWS Lambda function to convert the files to .jpg format and store them back in DynamoDB.

A company has more than 5 TB of file data on Windows file servers that run on premises. Users and applications interact with the data each day. The company is moving its Windows workloads to AWS. As the company continues this process, the company requires access to AWS and on-premises file storage with minimum latency. The company needs a solution that minimizes operational overhead and requires no significant changes to the existing file access patterns. The company uses an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection for connectivity to AWS. What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?

• Deploy and configure an Amazon S3 File Gateway on premises.

• Reconfigure the workloads to use FSx for Windows File Server.

• Move the on-premises file data to FSx for Windows File Server.

• Move the on-premises file data to the S3 File Gateway.

• Deploy and configure Amazon FSx for Windows File Server on AWS.

A hospital recently deployed a RESTful API with Amazon API Gateway and AWS Lambda. The hospital uses API Gateway and Lambda to upload reports that are in PDF format and JPEG images.

The hospital needs to modify the Lambda code to identify protected health information (PHI) in the reports. Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

• Use existing Python libraries to extract the text from the reports and to identify the PHI from the extracted text.

• Use Amazon Textract to extract the text from the reports.

• Use Amazon SageMaker to identify the PHI from the extracted text.

• Use Amazon Textract to extract the text from the reports and use Amazon Comprehend Medical to identify the PHI from the extracted text.

• Use Amazon Rekognition to extract the text from the reports and use Amazon Comprehend Medical to identify the PHI from the extracted text.

A company has an application that generates a large number of files, each approximately 5 MB in size. The files are stored in Amazon S3. Company policy requires the files to be stored for 4 years before they can be deleted. Immediate accessibility is always required as the files contain critical business data that is not easy to reproduce. The files are frequently accessed in the first 30 days of the object creation but are rarely accessed after the first 30 days. Which storage solution is MOST cost-effective?

• Create an S3 bucket lifecycle policy to move Mm from S3 Standard to S3 Glacier 30 days from object creation.

• Create an S3 bucket lifecycle policy to move tiles from S3 Standard to S3 One Zone-Infrequent Access (S3 One Zone-IA) 30 days from object creation.

• Create an S3 bucket lifecycle policy to move files from S3 Standard-infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA) 30 from object creation.

• Create an S3 bucket Lifecycle policy to move files from S3 Standard to S3 Standard-Infrequent Access (S3 Standard-IA) 30 days from object creation and move the files to S3 Glacier 4 years after object carton.

What should a solutions architect do to ensure messages are being processed once only?

• Use the CreateQueue API call to create a new queue

• Use the Add Permission API call to add appropriate permissions

• Use the ReceiveMessage API call to set an appropriate wait time

• Use the ChangeMessageVisibility API call to increase the visibility timeout

A solutions architect is designing a new hybrid architecture to extend a company's on-premises infrastructure to AWS. The company requires a highly available connection with consistent low latency to an AWS Region. The company needs to minimize costs and is willing to accept slower traffic if the primary connection fails. What should the solutions architect do to meet these requirements?

• Provision an AWS Direct Connect connection to a Region.

• Provision a VPN connection as a backup if the primary Direct Connect connection fails.

• Provision a VPN tunnel connection to a Region for private connectivity.

• Provision an AWS Direct Connect connection to a Region and use the Direct Connect failover attribute from the AWS CLI to automatically create a backup connection if the primary Direct Connect connection fails.

A company is running a business-critical web application on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The EC2 instances are in an Auto Scaling group. The application uses an Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL database that is deployed in a single Availability Zone. The company wants the application to be highly available with minimum downtime and minimum loss of data. Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational effort?

• Configure the database as Multi-AZ.

• Configure the Auto Scaling group to use multiple Availability Zones.

• Use Aurora PostgreSQL Cross-Region Replication.

• Use Amazon Route 53 health checks to redirect traffic.

• Place the EC2 instances in different AWS Regions.