The Enlightenment

What did Voltaire advocate for during the Enlightenment?

• Freedom of speech and religion

• The separation of powers in government

• The concept of the "general will"

• The importance of individual liberty

What was the economic impact of Adam Smith's theories during the Enlightenment?

• The shift towards a market economy and capitalism

• The rise of socialism and government control of the economy

• The decline of trade and economic stagnation

• The promotion of feudalism and serfdom

How did the Enlightenment change the relationship between church and state?

• It reinforced the authority of the church

• It led to the decline of religious tolerance

• It questioned traditional religious dogma

• It eliminated the need for a separation between church and state

Which philosophical foundation of the Enlightenment challenged previous ways of thinking?

• Rationalism

• Empiricism

• Absolutism

• Divine Right of Kings

How did Montesquieu's concept of the separation of powers protect against tyranny?

• By giving all power to the executive branch

• By dividing power among different branches of government

• By concentrating power in the hands of the judiciary

• By eliminating the need for a legislative branch

What was Rousseau's vision of the social contract?

• The idea that government should be based on divine right

• The belief that individuals should give up their rights to a monarch

• The concept that government should be based on the consent of the governed

• The notion that government should be controlled by the wealthy elite

How did John Locke's philosophy influence democratic thought?

• He advocated for freedom of speech and religion

• He believed in the separation of powers in government

• He emphasized natural rights and government by consent

• He promoted the idea of a social contract

What were the causes of the Enlightenment?

• The rise of the Church's authority

• The decline of secularism

• The impact of the printing press

• The absence of cultural exchanges

What was the role of the Scientific Revolution in setting the stage for Enlightenment thinking?

• It reinforced traditional religious beliefs

• It challenged the way people thought about the world

• It had no impact on Enlightenment thinking

• It led to the decline of secularism

What did Mary Wollstonecraft argue for during the Enlightenment?

• Women's education and equality

• The separation of church and state

• The importance of critical thinking

• The concept of the "invisible hand" in economics