Crash Course Computer Science #17 - Integrated Circuits

The growth and sophistication of software would not be possible with improvements in...

• hardware

• logic gates

• algorithms

• memory

From roughly the 1940s through the mid-1960s, every computer was built from individual parts, called ___, all wired together.

• camouflaged transistors

• concealed boxes

• hidden circuits

• discrete components

Transistors were better than vacuum tubes. What were the advantages?

• they were smaller

• they operated faster

• they were more reliable

• they were harder to find

Although ​ (a)   and smaller, ​ (b)   didn't solve the ​ (c)   . It was getting unwieldy to design, let alone physically ​ (d)   computers with hundreds of thousands of individual ​ (e)   .

• faster
• discrete transistors
• tyranny of numbers
• manufacture
• components

What did Jack Kilby create?

• individual circuits

• integrated circuits

• electric circuits

• encapsulated circuits

What did Fairchild use in his ICs that was better than Kirby's ICs?

• silicon

• gold

• titanium

• plastic

​ (a)   are sort of like ​ (b)   for computer engineers - ​ (c)   that can be arranged into an infinite array of ​ (d)   .

• ICs
• lego
• building blocks
• possible designs

What was printed circuit boards, or PCBs?

• mass manufactured circuits

• circuits that used lead as ink to "print" the wires

• circuits with all the wires etched into the board

• paper punch cards that were wrapped onto a spool

The first ICs could only fit around _ transistors onto a single IC.

What are the layers in using photolithography?

• 5

• light and chemical reactions

• 1

• photoresist

• 2

• photomask

• 4

• oxide layer

• 3

• silicon wafer